Question

Can someone please answer these 5 questions clearly?

LASTS ALL YEAR. 5. (a)Explain group efficiency of a group of pile. Explain the procedure for estimating load carrying capacity for cases of when group efficiency is less than 1 and more than (10 points) (b) Explain Earth pressure at rest, active earth pressure, and passive earth pressure include sketches also in your explanations. (10 points)

Answer 1

Group efficiency It's defined as the ratio of ultimate local carrying capacity as pile group to the sum of ultimate local carrying capacity of all the pile under individual action eta_g = Q_ug/n Qup Note: if eta_g > 1 then Q_safe = nQ_up/F if eta_g > 1 then Q_safe = Q_ug/F In design of pile group eta_g should be greaterthanorequalto 1 Converse labarre of group efficiency eta_g = {1 - phi/90[m(n - 1) + n(m - 1)/mn]} * 100 phi = Arc tan value = tan^- 1 (d/s) m = no.of raws in pile group n = no.of column in pile group m ans n are inter changing \r\n Negative skin friction # It is the phenomenon in which Boil surrounding to the pile settles more than the settle men of pile \r\n This condition occurs when soft surrounding to the pile is loose/saft, under such condition friction on the pile is downward which reaches the load carrying capacity of pile.