How does lateral DNA transfer affect the evolution of bacteria? How does lateral transfer compare to mutation as an agent of evolution?
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Ans.)Lateral or Horizontal gene transfer is known as ‘the non-genealogical transmission of genetic material from one organism to another’. It is an important force modulating evolution in the prokaryotes and the particular eukaryotes. Although gene exchange is easier in closely related organisms, horizontal gene transfer occurs between both domains in the evolution of Archaea and Bacteria. Horizontal gene transfer has a major impact on the genome plasticity, adaptation and evolution of bacteria. Today this lateral transfer is used between bacteria and human cells to solve the problems of cancer.
Evolution is the process by which populations of organisms change over generations, and in this process mutation is the raw material to it likewise lateral or horizontal gene transfer plays important role in evolution. Mutations can be because of permanent changes in dna, genetic drift, point mutation, etc. But during Horizontal gene transfer ( HGT) it is the movement of genetic information between organisms, a process that includes the transformation, conjugation and transduction.
How does lateral DNA transfer affect the evolution of bacteria? How does lateral transfer compare to...
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