Question

How do the processes that drive evolution affect the traits of species? How do different types of evidence support the theory of evolution?

Answer 1

1)Darwin proposed that the new species come from the parent species get a common ancestor,again each specific species have their own unique characteristics, that is the species are changing over time - a process where group of species change in their heritable traits over generation goes with a clear modification is known as evolution.

The mechanism for evolution is proposed by Darwin,

In living organism many characteristics of parent passed to offspring.Organisms are capable of producing more offspring than their environment can support. Thus there is competition for limited resources in each generation like as lack of food, lack of habitat, lack of males, not all individuals will survive and reproduce .The offspring in any generation will be slightly different from one another in their traits in colour, size , shape and many of these features will be heritable.  

2) The different of evolution are-

Fossil Record- Comparing fossil from older and younger rock layers.

Geographic distribution of living species - Species evolve differently in different environments,different species evolve similarly in the same type of environment.

Homologous structures of living organisms- For homologous different mature forms but develop from embryonic tissues, for vestigial similar structure with reduced size and lesser or no functions.

Embryology - It is the early stages of many animals which is very similar suggesting that organims share common ancestry.