# In this phase diagram for water, indicate the direction that the solid-liquid and liquid-gas coexistence lines will m...

In this phase diagram for water, indicate the direction that the solid-liquid and liquid-gas coexistence lines will move after the addition of solute.

In this phase diagram for water, indicate the direction that the solid-liquid and liquid-gas coexistence lines will move after the addition of solute.

Concepts and reason

The concept used to solve this problem is the phase diagram of water.

In the phase diagram of water, the solid-liquid coexistence line will move towards left after the addition of solute because of depression in freezing point of water upon the addition of solute.

The liquid-gas coexistence line will move towards right after the addition of solute because of elevation in boiling point of water upon the addition of solute.

Fundamentals

A phase diagram is a graph of pressure versus temperature depicting the solid, liquid and gaseous phases of a single substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure.

In the phase diagram of water, the solid-liquid coexistence line indicates the point at which the solid converts to liquid.

The temperature corresponding to $P = 1{\rm{ atm}}$ at the solid-liquid coexistence line in the phase diagram of the water is the freezing point of water.

When solute is added to the water, there is a lowering in the vapour pressure of the solution. Consequently, there is a lowering of freezing point of the water.

So, the direction of solid-liquid coexistence line will be towards the left, that is towards lower temperatures, after the addition of solute.

In the phase diagram of water, the liquid-gas coexistence line indicates the point at which the liquid converts to gas.

The temperature corresponding to $P = 1{\rm{ atm}}$ at the liquid-gas coexistence line in the phase diagram of the water is the boiling point of water.

When solute is added to the water, there is a lowering in the vapour pressure of the solution. Consequently, there is an elevation of boiling point of the water.

So, the direction of liquid-gas coexistence line will be towards the right, that is towards higher temperatures, after the addition of solute.

Ans:

The direction of solid-liquid and liquid-gas coexistence lines after the addition of solute is:

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