Question

Label the molecular shape around each of the central atoms in the amino acid glycine.

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

The concept used here is that the phenomenon of hybridization is use in valence bond theory. In hybridization, mixing of atomic orbitals takes place to as a result of suitable pairing of electrons to form chemical bonds. Orbitals involved in these bonds are known as hybridized orbitals. With the help of hybrid orbitals, molecular geometry (bond angles) and atomic bonding properties can be determined. Practically, we can find bond angles with the help of various spectroscopic and diffraction methods but theoretically, it can also be determined by the use of Valence shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory. In this method, we first draw the Lewis structure of the given compound and then count the number of band pairs and lone pairs present in the structure.

Fundamentals

VSEPR theory is applied by seeing the electron pairs surrounded on that particular atom. The theory for VSEPR is that the atom adopts an arrangement so as to minimizes the repulsion occur due to its surrounding electron.

Lewis structure is a diagram which represents atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs present in the molecule.

Bond angles and geometry of a molecule can be determined with the help of this table:

Hybridization on nitrogen is $s{p^3}$ . So, geometry around nitrogen on position (1) is trigonal pyramidal.

Hybridization of Carbon at position (2) is $s{p^3}$ . So, geometry aroundCarbon at position (2) is tetrahedral.

Hybridization of Carbon at position (3) is $s{p^2}$ and has trigonal planer geometry.

Hybridization of Oxygen at position (4) is $s{p^3}$ and has bent geometry.

Ans:

Labelled molecular structure of Glycine is:

Answer 2