Question

Feather Friends, Inc., distributes a high-quality wooden birdhouse that sells for $40 per unit. Variable expenses are $20.00 per unit, and fixed expenses total $180,000 per year. Its operating results for last year were as follows: Sales Variable expenses Contribution margin Fixed expenses Net operating income $ 1,080,000 540,000 540,000 180,000 $ 360,000 Required: Answer each question independently based on the original data: 1. What is the product's CM ratio? 2. Use the CM ratio to determine the break-even point in dollar sales. 3. If this year's sales increase by $45,000 and fixed expenses do not change, how much will net operating income increase? 4-a. What is the degree of operating leverage based on last year's sales? 4-b. Assume the president expects this year's sales to increase by 10%. Using the degree of operating leverage from last year, what percentage increase in net operating income will the company realize this year? 5. The sales manager is convinced that a 11% reduction in the selling price, combined with a $64,000 increase in advertising, would increase this year's unit sales by 25%. a. If the sales manager is right, what would be this year's net operating income if his ideas are implemented? b. If the sales manager's ideas are implemented, how much will net operating income increase or decrease over last year? 6. The president does not want to change the selling price. Instead, he wants to increase the sales commission by $2.10 per unit. He thinks that this move, combined with some increase in advertising, would increase this year's sales by 25%. How much could the president increase this year's advertising expense and still earn the same $360,000 net operating income as last year?

Answer 1

1)	CM ratio
	contribution margin/sales
	540,000/1,080,000
	0.5
	50%
2)	Break even sales in dollars
	fixed cost/contribution margin ratio
	180,000/50%
	360000
3)	Net operating income will increase by
	45,000*50%
	22500
4-a)	Degree of operating leverage
	contribution margin/net income
	540,000/360,000
	1.5
4b)	percentage increase in net income
	10*1.5
	15	%
5)-a)	unit sale = 1,080,000/40
		27000
	now unit sales =27000*125%
		33750
	selling price new = 40*89%=$35.6
	sales        (33750*35.6)				1201500
	Variable expense (33750*20)				675000
	Contribution margin				526500
	fixed expense (180,000+64000)				244000
	Net operating income				282500
b)	Decrease in net income			77500
				per unit
6)	sales			40
	Variable expense			22.1
	Contribution margin			17.9
	increase in sales 25%
	(33750*17.9) - (180,000+x) = 360,000
	604125 - 180,000-x =340,000
	x                                 =		84,125	asnwer