Question

You're looking at death rates due to coronary heart disease in the state of Massachusetts along with several variables with which they may have been related. You are considering gathering similar data for the state of Minnesota, but you want to consider the Massachusetts experience first. Your ultimate aim is to make truthful claims in a Minnesota public health campaign.

The dependent variable is:

• CHD: death rate (per million population) due to coronary heart disease in Massachusetts during each of the years 1980-2015.

The independent variables are:

• CAL: Per capita consumption of calcium per day (in grams)

• UNEMP: Percentage of state labor force unemployed

• CIG: Per capita consumption of cigarettes measured in pounds of tobacco (339 cigarettes per pound)

• EDFAT: Per capita intake of edible fats and oil measured in pounds (lard, margarine, and butter)

• MEAT: Per capita intake of meat in pounds (includes beef, veal, pork, lamb, and mutton)

• SPIRITS: Per capita consumption of distilled spirits in gallons

• BEER: Per capita consumption of malted liquor in gallons

• WINE: Per capita consumption of wine in gallons

For each variable, state your null and alternative hypotheses, making your reasoning clear. It might be useful to know that Calcium is supposed to improve the bone structure, but its link to coronary heart disease has not been carefully studied. **Do not need data for stating the null and alternative hypotheses.

Answer 1

For CAL,

Null hypothesis H0: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of calcium in Minnesota are independent.

Alternative hypothesis Ha: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of calcium in Minnesota are dependent.

For UNEMP,

Null hypothesis H0: Death rate due to CHD and Percentage of state labor force unemployed in Minnesota are independent.

Alternative hypothesis Ha: Death rate due to CHD and Percentage of state labor force unemployed in Minnesota are dependent.

For CIG,

Null hypothesis H0: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of cigarettes in Minnesota are independent.

Alternative hypothesis Ha: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of cigarettes in Minnesota are dependent.

For EDFAT,

Null hypothesis H0: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita intake of edible fats and oil in Minnesota are independent.

Alternative hypothesis Ha: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita intake of edible fats and oil in Minnesota are dependent.

For MEAT,

Null hypothesis H0: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita intake of meat in Minnesota are independent.

Alternative hypothesis Ha: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita intake of meat in Minnesota are dependent.

For SPIRITS,

Null hypothesis H0: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of distilled spirits in Minnesota are independent.

Alternative hypothesis Ha: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of distilled spirits in Minnesota are dependent.

For BEER,

Null hypothesis H0: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of malted liquor in Minnesota are independent.

Alternative hypothesis Ha: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of malted liquor  in Minnesota are dependent.

For WINE,

Null hypothesis H0: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of wine in Minnesota are independent.

Alternative hypothesis Ha: Death rate due to CHD and Per capita consumption of wine in Minnesota are dependent.