Question

Question completion Status: Blackboard Help QUESTION 3 Using the data below, test whether education and smoking status are independent. Run the test at a 5% level of significance. Give each of the following to receive full credit: 1) the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses; 2) the appropriate test; 3) the decision rule; 4) the calculation of the test statistic and 5) your conclusion including a comparison to alpha or the critical value. You MUST show your work to receive full credit. Partial credit is available. Non- Smoker 38 Smoker High School Graduate 12 k 4 years of kollere 45 Bachelor's Degree Graduate Degree TTT Arial 239 .3 (12pt) .T.E.E. . Path Chek Sow and submit to wow and submit. Click Save All A t sa alla

Answer 1

Solution Given that Total Non- SmokesN Smokes Hrigh schook S o 38 gaaduate 4 yeass of 97 45 152 College Bachela's QF1 32 deee Gradua te 52 5 Degree 15 481 Total Routotas XColum total Gvand total r.Exfected Value Values Nocs to find the xPected Non- 5mokes Smoken 5o X4 Tota High school Элedua te 5o x48 8-1131 4l. 8 26 515 So x94 11x491 <4 ycas = 32.Q052 I64.795 S15 of colege 271 x 481 44.3026 Bachelds 575 Degnce 51x14 51x48 9.318 3 41.08 2 Graduate Degree 515 Tota 515

Noa tstate the hy pthesis al teamative and mull Nult hythesis Ho : Education independent ane amd Smoking Status mot Alteanative hyfthesisH Eduration and a91e status Smoking indefendent Noc to find the test apphopiate chi-s2vare test -statistics Heae ar Cil use The famula of chi- squane test -statistic s Jiven by (o-E) (i2-9-1731)2 71E8h-8E (45-32.2052)2 2 Isa- 164-15) 8.1739 41.8361 32.2052 64.715 +(32-44.302) 5-৭-१83)- (२३१- ३2८.१1) 2 44.3026 226.617 1.3183 + (52-47.82)2 47.68 2 11t o-3491 t toasoM 5.08 32t 0.1134t 3.4164 2 t0.6677t 2.001 2+ 0.39l0 14.37 Noa to find the degiees of faeedom df= (Y-) () -4-) C2-) (3)( df = 3

Naw to find the tne usi the values of P-Value degnees of chi-sguare Statistic amd Pvalue facedom then we Jet the PValue O.002i Decision P-value< 0 0o2 o.os Theaefac byfathesis (u) Seject the null Ce The calculahon 4.6937 test statistic s of Condusion Hne the P-value less than the significance leves. So we nejedt the mul hythesis(H.). tence and Smokig that Eduration Conclude We h dtfendent not Status aone