Question

2. Explain why the magnetic moment of octahedral Co(II) complexes is typically higher than the value calculated using the spin-only formula

Answer 1

Magnetic moment is case of Co(II) is due spin as well as orbital contribution.

Because Co(II) has d^​​7 =t_​​2g ^5.  e_{​​​​​​g}^{​​​​​2.} Configuration

There is t_{​​​​​​2g} unsymmetrical filling of electrons so t_{​​​​​​2g}​​​​ orbital transform into each other easily it cause orbital contribution of Co(II) . So effective magnetic moment of Co(II) is more than calculated by spin only formula.

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