Question

OPTIONA OPTIONS 1. Site of gas exchange in lungs 2. Bicarbonate formation occurs in the 3. Greater dead space volume alveolar ventilation 4. Anatomic dead space is found in the 5. In normal, quiet breathing, expiration is 6. Gas exchange across the respiratory membrane occurs by 7. During inspiration, the external intercostals 8. A right shift of the OD curve indicates higher oxygen 9. Bicarbonates are transported in the 10. The diaphragm contracts during 11. CO, is mostly transported in the 12. Higher O2 affinity is indicated by a _ _of the OD curve. air ways plasma. decreases air ways active bulk flow contract affinity. plasma. inspiration RBC. left shift alveoli RBC. increases alveoli passive diffusion relax. unloading RBC. expiration plasma right shift II. Use the following answer codes (A.B or C) to indicate the effect the following changes would have on the rate of gas exchange. Answer codes may be used once, more than once or not at all. A increases the rate of gas transfer B. decreases the rate of gas transfer C has no effect on the rate of gas transfer Effect of pulmonary fibrosis on O2 and CO2 exchange within the lungs Effect of emphysema on O2 and CO2 exchange within the lungs Effect of a fall in atmospheric Po, on O, exchange within the lungs Effect on O, exchange in the lungs if part of the nitrogen in inspired air is replaced with helium so that it now consists of 60% N, 19% He, and 21% O2 Effect of increased metabolism of a cell on O2 and CO2 exchange between the cell and blood Effect of tissue edema on O2 and CO2 exchange between the surrounding cells and blood Effect of reduced systemic venous Po, on O exchange within the lungs Effect of increasing cardiac output 8. Page 1

Answer 1

1. site of gas exchange in the lungs occurs in alveoli.

2. bicarbonate formation occurs in the blood.

4. anatomic dead space is found in the airways

5. in normal quiet breathing expansion is passive.

6. gas exchange across the respiratory membrane occurs by diffusion

7. during inspiration the external intercostals contract.

8. a right shift to the OD curve indicates higher oxygen unloading

9. bicarbonates are transported in the plasma

10. the diaphragm contracts during inspiration

11. carbon dioxide is mostly transported in the plasma.

12. higher oxygen affinity is indicated by a left shift in the OD curve.