Question

Select a spinal column deviation of your choice. Describe the mechanism of this deviation, grades of injury, any muscles, ligaments, bones, sensory receptors and other soft tissue structures involved in the deviation. Embed an image of the deviation. What challenges could this spinal deviation present to this individual?

Answer 1

Scoliosis is S shaped deviation or side ways curvature of spine.

Scoliosis affect any age group but more common in children aged 10 to 15 years.Scoliosis affects about 2-3% of the pediatric age group and up to 30%of adults worldwide.Girls are affected eight times more than boys.Scoliosis may be a result of cerebral palsy , muscular dystrophy ,polio, any disease of vertebral column and any deformities while in womb of mother. Scoliosis causes back pain in adults. Older adults may also get affected by scoliosis as their bone density is declined . Usually the etiology of scoliosis is idiopathic.

Scoliosis is a deformity that is characterized by both sideways curvature and vertebral rotation. Vertebral rotation is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the vertebra and the mid-sagittal axis of the trunk (mid sagittal axis is the vertical plane dividing body into right and left side). The angle is shifted as the disease progresses, the vertebrae and spinous processes in the area of the major curve rotate toward the concavity of the curve. On the concave side of the curve, the ribs are close together and on convex side, the ribs remain separated.

As the vertebral bodies rotate in scoliosis, the spinous processes deviate towards the concave side followed by ribs. The anterior ribs on the concave side are pushed anteriorly and posterior ribs on the convex side are pushed posteriorly. Scoliosis can be treated .

As the spine is deviated , shape and size of thorax is altered resulting in any abnormalities in pulmonary function.In older adults more than 65 years of age commonly spinal stenosis, or narrowing of the spinal canal may occur leading to compression of the spinal nerves .If a curve is left untreated as a patient gets older scoliosis may cause major problems. If the curvature is more it may lead to more pain and imbalanced gait, since the body’s equilibrium is not maintained. In some cases if the angle of the curve is 70 degrees or greater, patients can suffer physical deformities. Such large curves can also cause pressure on the lungs, heart, and abdomen, leading to trouble breathing, fatigue, or early satiety, where the patient feels full after eating only a small amount of food due to their stomach being compressed.

Scoliosis causes back pain , uneven shoulders, misalignment of hip, and the curves may cause pressure on nerves nearby leading to numbness and weakness, body seems lean to one side.