Question

The TV series you have been watching in the past month is finally coming to an
end. While watching the last episode on the couch, you ate a whole pack of BBQ
favored nachos. Describe all the physiological events that would happen inside your
body for maintaining a relatively stable plasma sodium concentration after that. How
does this affect your urine output?

Answer 1

Physiological event that would happen inside the body are as follows:

Digestive And cardiovascular system:

• Nachos has more carb than fibre. So when it is digested it forms glucose which increase blood sugar.
• Pancreas release insulin in response to sugar level and maintain blood sugar. This mechanism happen only in a healthy body. And if the person consumes junk food often then this mechanism fails and condition like insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, weight gain happen.
• Presence of trans fat in food can increase LDL and lower HDL and increases risk of heart disease.
• sodium : diets rich in sodium result in water retention so we may feel puffy, bloated, swollen. It may elevate blood pressure and put stress on heart.

Respiratory system:

• fast foods will increase our body weight when consumed often. So it may cause shortness of breath.

For maintaining a relatively stable plasma sodium concentration :

• salty food intake affects levels of both aldosterone and glucocorticoid. These hormone control the body’s salt and water balance.
• increase salt intake result in increased sodium excretion and cause kidney to conserve/ retention of water.
• so excess sodium is released in concentrated urine.

Urine output:

• From the above explanation it is evident that urine output is low but has high sodium .
• concentrated urine is passed.