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23. Pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes are typi- cally carnivorous, obtaining a great deal of their nutrition from insects that become trapped in the pitcher, die, and decay. N. lowi, a pitcher plant from Borneo, produces a second type of pitcher that attracts tree shrews (Tupaia mon- tana), which provide nutrients by defecating into the pitcher8 while they feed on a substance secreted by the plant. Based on measurements of 20...