Question

1) Name two examples each of:
• entities • attributes • variables • resources
• queues • parameters • events

for a simulation model of the following systems.
A) A commercial bakery for breads.
B) A hospital emergency room (patient arrival to departure from ER)

2) Consider the logic-flow chart for a restaurant drive-through presented in Figure 1 of the handout entitled “Introduction to Simulation” by R.G. Ingalls. Construct a logic-flow chart for the process involved in ordering donuts from the counter in a donut shop.??

Answer 1

ANS (1)

ENTITY- An entity is an object in the system that we want to model and store information about. Entities are usually recognizable concepts either concrete or abstract, such as a person, places, things or events Examples of an entity:

- From the point of view of a commercial bakery of bread are Retail bakeries and Wholesale bakeries.

- From the point of view of a hospital emergency room (patient arrival to departure from ER) are Test Samples and Presumptions.

ATTRIBUTES- An attribute is defined as a quality or characteristic of a person, place or thing. Several types of bread flour are commercially available namely all-purpose flour, enriched flour, gluten flour, and self -rising flour. Examples of attributes:

-From the point of view of a commercial bakery of bread are Structure and Texture.

-From the point of view of a hospital emergency room (patient arrival to departure from ER) are Professionalism and Different capacities.

VARIABLES- A variable is a quantity which during a calculation is assumed to vary or be capable of varying in value.Examples of variables :

-From the point of view of a commercial bakery of bread are Baking time and Oven temperature.

-From the point of view of a hospital emergency room (patient arrival to departure from ER) are No. of Patient rooms and Operating Room.

RESOURCES- A resource means a stock or supply of money. materials, staff and other assets that can be drawn only by a person or organization in order to function effectively. Examples of resource:

- From the point of view of a commercial bakery of bread are Wheat flour and Eggs.

-From the point of view of a hospital emergency room (patient arrival to departure from ER) are Number of beds and types of services available and Nurse to patient staffing ratios.

QUEUES- A queue is a line or sequence of people or vehicles awaiting their turn to be attended or to proceed. Examples of a queue:

-From the point of view of a commercial bakery of bread are Checkout line and Backorders.

-From the point of view of a hospital emergency room (patient arrival to departure from ER) are Queues for Hospital beds and Queues for Nurses.

PARAMETERS- A parameter is a numerical or other measurable factor forming one of a set that defines a system or sets the condition of its operation. Examples of Parameters:

-From the point of view of a commercial bakery of bread are Physical testing and Chemical testing.

-From the point of view of a hospital emergency room ( patient arrival to departure from ER) are Exit/Entrance Signage and EPABX available or not.

EVENTS- An event is a thing that happens or takes place especially one of importance. Examples of events:

-From the point of view of a commercial bakery of bread are a Chocolate Expo and Albany wine chocolate festival.

-From the point of view of a hospital emergency room ( patient arrival to departure from ER) are Delay in treatment and Facts Related.

ANS (2)

The logic flow chart for the process involved in ordering donuts from the counter in a donut shop can be drawn in the following manner:-