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20. What types of transactions are not included in GDP? Why? (5 pts) Nonproduction transactions must be excluded from GDP bec

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These transaction costs are not included in GDP-

a.Non-marketable goods and services: tasks that do not involve market transactions, such as baby sitting, house cleaning, lawn mowing etc. Some very useful output is excluded because it is unpaid employment.

b. Underground activities: illegal or cash transactions have no record. Government’s estimates on these transactions are not accurate.

c. Sales of used items: GDP measures only current output. Used car and thrift stores’ transactions are not counted.

d. Financial transactions: trading existing assets, such as stock or bond purchases.

e. Transfer payments: either government or private transfer payments are not included because goods and services are not produced in this process. Examples are social security benefits or kid’s allowances.

f. Leisure: individuals consume leisure, just as they consume all the other tangible goods, which generate satisfactions. But leisure has no price tag, so it is not included in GDP.

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