Question

16. What is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)? What problems can GERD lead to if left untreated? In general, what types of foods should be reduced or eliminated in the diet to decrease heartburn/GERD symptoms? (10)

Answer 1

GERD ( Gastro Eesophageal reflux disease)

GERD is a digestive disorder that affects the lower esophageal sphincter ( LES) ,in which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining.

If GERD is not treated well, many complications may arise. It includes

• Esophagitis
• Barrett's esophagus
• Esophageal cancer

Foods needed to be avoided included are,

• High fat foods ( fried and fatty foods
• Chocolates
• Spicy foods
• Tomato
• Citrus fruits
• Garlic, onion and spicy foods
• Caffeine

Food items needed to be added

• Vegetables like green beans, potato, cucumber, leafy greens, asparagus, cauliflower
• Ginger
• Oatmeal
• Non citrus fruits
• Egg whites
• Healthy fats like avocados, walnuts, olive oil, sesame oil and sunflower

Other remedies

• Lifestyle modifications
• Stop smoking
• Diet
• Do not over at
• Eat meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime
• Elevate head end but not by pillows coz it increases abdominal pressure