Question

Written assignment in pneumonia

1) Types of pneumonia

2) role of the nurse in managing pneumonia

Please find an evidence based article to support nursing management

Answer 1

1) Types of pneumonia.

              * Community acquired pneumonia (CAP).

                                 This type of pneumonia occur in people who are from outside

                                 of hospital facilities.

              * Hospital acquired pneumonia.(HAP).

                                It is a type of pneumonia which affect the patient after admitted to

                                the hospital for treatment of various diseases.

              * Pneumonia in immunocompromised individual.

                               This type of pneumonia affect people with diseases which result in poor

                                immune status like AIDS,TB,Autoimmune disorders etc.

              * Ventillator acquired pneumonia.

                               This type pneumonia occur in patients who stay prolonged time in ventillator.

            * Aspiration pneumonia.

                               It occur when patient inhale food,saliva or stomach content into the lungs.

2. Role of nurse in managing pneumonia.

                      * Improve patency of airway

                                 * Encourage fluid intake to loosen secretions.

                                 * Maintain humidity by using high humidifier mask.

                                 * Provide nasotracheal suctioning if needed.

                                 * Provide oxygen therapy.

                                 * Chest physiotherapy to loosen secretions.

                                 * Provide Incentive spirometry

                       * Maintain comfort level of patient.

                                 * Provide semi fowlers position to promote rest

                                   and breathing.

                                * Provide a peaceful environment to get comfort.

                                * Give psychological suppoert to reduce stress level.

                        * Maintain nutritional and fluid status.

                                * Encourage intake of food and fluids two litre per day

                                   and give IV fluids if needed.

                                * Daily measurement of intake and output of patient.

                        * Increase patient knowledge level.

                                * Educate patient and family members about the problems

                                  associated with pneumonia like pleural effusion,respiratory failure

                                  atelectasis etc and how to prevent it by cope up with the treatment

                                  regimen.

                        * Observe and prevent potential complications of the patient.

                                 * Monitor for potential complications like shock,multisystem organ failure

                                   and respiratory failure and take immediate measures as per the order of

                                   physician.

                                 * Assist in procedures done as a part of treatment like thoracentesis and

                                   observe for pneumothorax after the procedure.

An evidence based article which support nursing management.

                     * Pneumonia 2 : Effective nursing assessment and management nursing times.

                         104:5, 30-31.