Question

can some one help me i have to write essay about this

Please discuss the mechanism that Neisseria gonorrheae, E.coli , staphylococcus saprophytic and HIV utilize to cause disease in the urogenital tract. You must state what disease these microorganisms cause. In addition, please list and explain the host immune defenses that the microbe wold have to overcome to be successful at casing disease. Include in your discussion the basic differences between the female and male urogenital, which could play a role in the success of these microbes to cause disease. Also, please discuss the association between normal flora and urogenital infections, and the role of the port of entry and exit for the microbes to establish successful infections Please include methods to prevent these microorganisms form disease. In addition, please include on HIV's ability to use reverse transcription and integration into the host's genorm

Answer 1

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae causes the general disease gonorrhea. The disease is acquired by sexual contact. The first step in infection is adhesion of gonococci to the urethra or other mucosal surfaces. The cocci penetrates through the intracellular spaces and reach subepithelial connective tissue. In men disease starts as an acute urethritis with mucopurulent discharge. The infection extends along the urethra to prostate, seminal vesicle and epididymis. In women the initial infection involves urethra and cervix uteri. The infection may extends to bartholins gland, endometrium, and fallopean tube. The only source is a human carrier. Control of gonorrhea consist of early detection, contact tracing, health education.

E. Coli are commonly responsible for urinary tract infection. Infection may be precipitated by urinary obstruction due to prostatic enlargement, calculi or pregnancy. E. Coli is a parasite living only in the human or animal intestine. In women it mainly leads to cystitis. The exit of urinary tract is near to anal canal so the bacteria enter from GI tract to urinary tract.

Staphylococci are uncommon in routine urinary tract infections, though they cause infection in association with local instrumentation, implants, or diabetes. Urinary isolates of staphylococci are to be considered significant even with low colony counts as they may be related to bacteremia. The cocci gain access to mucosal or tissue surface, colonise by adhering to cells, evade host defence mechanism, multiply and cause tisse damage.

HIV positive patients are liable to acquire urinary tract infections. HIV positive patients are prone to UTI is clearly related to infection and immune function, determined by lymphocytes CD4 cell count.