Question

This week, students are to create a PowerPoint presentation case study of a patient with a short simple complaint. Please do not use a patient that is in for a “well check.” You may post and start responding at any time during week 14. As long as it is posted no later than day 3 of week 15. It needs to include all aspects of the H&P (See rubric). Make sure to include differential diagnosis as well as any testing or treatments that you would do for this patient.

PowerPoint presentation is on Sickle Cell Anemia

Answer 1

Slide 1

Sickle cell anaemia

Presented by,------

Slide 2

• Definition- it is an inherited form of anemia,causes red blood cells to become misshapen and breakdown
• Normally RBC are flexible and round and moves easily in blood stream.

Slide 3

• In sickle cell anaemia, RBC become rigid and sticky and are shaped like sickles. Or crescent moons
• These irregularly shaped cells can get stuck in small blood vessels causing block in blood flow and oxygen to part of the body

Slide 4

History

• Dr. Earnest. E. Irons identified pear shaped , elongated sickled blood cells in a patient named Walter Clement Noel in 1904

Slide 5

The change in cell structure arises from a change in the structure of hemoglobin

Slide 6

Mechanism

• When sickle Hb ( HbS) gives up it's oxygen to the tissues, HbS sticks together
• RBC become rigid, inflexible and sickle shaped
• Blocks small blood vessels
• RBC contains HbS have shorter lifespan
• Normally 20 days
• Chronic state of anemia

Slide7

Symptoms

• Anemia
• Episode s of pain
• Painful swelling of hands and feet
• Frequent infection
• Delayed growth
• Vision problems

Slide 8

Complications

• Stroke
• Acute chest syndrome
• Pulmonary hypertension
• Organ damage
• Blindness
• Leg ulcers
• Gall stones

Slide 9

Diagnosis

- a blood test can check forHbS

- Check for low RBC

Slide 10

Genetic counselling

- amniocentesis

- Chronic villius sampling

Slide 11

Treatment

• Aimed at avoiding crises, relieving symptoms and preventing complications
• Analgesic s
• Blood transfusion
• Bone marrow transplant
• Assessing stroke risk
• Vaccination
• Nitric oxide
• Medication- antibiotic s( penicillin), analgesic
• Hydroxy urea

Slide 12

Thank you