Question

Briefly describe the physical, psychosocial, cognitive and motor development of a child in relation to the development stages mentioned in the table. (in 30-40 words each Pre-school (3-5 years) Physiologic development Cognitive development Motor development

Answer 1

Physiologic development :

There will be a steady increase in height, weight and muscle tone of the children. They are longer and leaner. Heads and trunk continue to grow but their head is so large in proportion to their bodies. As preschooler’s bodies develop overtime, the areas in their brain that control movement continue to mature, this enabling them to perform gross- motor skills such as running, jumping, kicking, climbing, throwing, skipping and fine motor skills such as stringing beads, drawing and cutting with scissors.

Cognitive development:

• Uses objects and materials to build or construct things like clay, puzzles, sand and water.
• counts five to ten things.
• Answers simple questions.
• Has linger attention span.
• Follows simple instructions, requests and enjoys helping.
• May write some letters and numbers.
• Call, recall and tell a recent event or story.
• Can match and name some colours.
• Understands opposites like big/small and positional words like end/middle.

Motor development:

Gross motor development

• Running without trapping, hopping and climbing stairs with one foot after the other.
• walking downstairs with alternating feet, walking backwards.
• sitting down and getting up on his or her own, catching a ball.

Fine motor development

• playing with toys that have moving parts and buttons, turning pages.
• Drawing squares, colouring between lines, washing and drying hands.
• Drawing a cross, cutting paper in half.
• Holding and using a pencil easily, moving fingers to write and draw rather than moving the whole arm , learning to write above the lines.