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2. What is inflation? Give three different ways to measure it. (a) Find out the U.S. rates of inflation for 1979-2018 and plo

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2) Inflation is the general rise in the price level. It measures how the price level in the economy rises over time. There are different types of inflation such as hyperinflation, galloping inflation and more depending on the rate of increase. There can be different ways to measure it such as through COnsumer Price Index (CPI), GDP deflator and WHolesale Price Index (WPI)

a) Using data from Fed Reserve, we plot the average annual CPI and inflation rate in the graphs below.

% channge (rate) 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997Annual avg (CPI) 300 250 200 150 100 1991 989 1987 2003 2001 1999 1997 2009 2007 2005 2017 1993 1995 1979 1981 1983 1985 2011b) Demand pull inflation occurs when AD is more than AS.. Here inflation arises due to demand factors. In cost-push inflation, AD remains same but inflation occurs due to increase in AS and thus supply side factors.

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