Question

Burns

1)   Using the Rule of Nines, estimate the percentage of burns for a person with second degree burns to both arms and chest.

2)   List the three phases of psychological intervention planning you would implement for a patient recovering from severe burns.

Answer 1

1, Rule of nine
Second degree burns to both arms and chest
estimation:
Each arm 9%( front 4.5% and back 4.5%)
Both arms 9X 2= 18%
chest =9%
Total = 27%
These burns damage the second layer of skin, there will be loss of skin function.
2, Three phases of psychological intervention:
Critical phase:
A patient will be in ICU in this phase with a lot of physical and psychological symptoms. They have to continue changes and psychological reactions due to infection, metabolic changes and complications. the patient should be encouraged to cope with the fear, denial, and regression. a supportive psychological intervention like sleep, pain control, coping strategies, hypnosis, relaxation will be effective. education and provide support to family members to handle the patient.
Acute phase:
It is focused on the recovery phase. the patient will have painful treatment. Patients have a more physical and psychological impact on injury. symptoms of depression and anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder will be common.they have guilt about the event and depressed and seek social support. provide sleep it can be managed with drug treatment. The patient griefing process can be prevented from counseling and drugs.
Treat patient premorbid psychopathology by a community treatment program. for pain intervention opioid analgesics will be effective and anxiolytic, cognitive-behavioral therapy and hypnosis can reduce the pain and discomfort.
Long term stage or recovery:
After discharge from the hospital, the patient begins to interact with society. it needs outpatient physical rehabilitation with a continuing procedure like dressing change and surgery. patient face lot of problem during this phase due to complication like scarring, family strains, change of body images. psychotherapy in an outpatient clinic and hospital-based programs to deal with patient facial disfigurement. support group and peer counseling by burn survivors can help the patient recovery process with severe burns.