Question

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WEEK 8 WATER AND MINERALS . 1.Give two reasons why drinking cola beverages can be harmful to the health of the bones a. b. 2. Describe any three ways to reduce the intake of soditum in the diet without radically changing the diet. a. b. c. 3. Explain why people may not recognize mild delydration and auribute its signs and symptoms to other conditions.

Answer 1

*Harmful effect of drinking cola beverages on the health of the bones:

1) Phosporic acid, a major component in most sodas, may be to blame. Phosphorus itself is an important bone mineral. But if you are getting a disproportionate amount of phosphorus compared to the amount of calcium you are getting, that could lead to bone loss. As the body tries to neutralize the acid, it is forced to draw substantial amounts of alkalizing calcium compounds from the bones.

2) Another possible culprit is Caffeine, which experts have long known can interfere with calcium absorption, as it may increase your body's excretion of calcium, contributing to lower bone density.

3) The "replacement" theory: This is the idea that the more cola you drink, the less likely you are to choose water or other healthful beverages. The damaging effect of each ingredient on your bones are cumulative and additive.

And, in addition to the caffeine and phosphoric acid, and other chemical additives, a regular 12-ounce cola contains 9-10 teaspoons of sugar, usually in the guise of high fructose corn syrup.

*Three effective ways to reduce the intake of sodium in diet without radically changing the diet:

1) Increase the intake of Potassium- A mineral sodium is one of the chemical elements found in salt. Though used interchangeably, the words "salt" and "sodium" have different meanings; salt or sodium chloride is a crystalline compound used to flavour and preserve food. The relationship between sodium intake and high blood pressure is fairly straight forward. Sodium and potassium also affect each other along with blood pressure: potassium can help lower blood pressure by acting as a counter balance to the harmful effects of sodium in your diet. To up your potassium intake eat fruits like bananas, carrot, pomegranate, orange, sweet potatoes, yogurt, spinach, tomatoes and white beans.

2) Rinse canned foods- Canned foods usually contain high amount of sodium in them. Therefore it is always good to wash canned food items before consuming to get rid of the excess sodium in food products such as canned tuna, beans and vegetables. Prefer to buy fresh fruits, vegetables and poutry instead of canned or processed foods.

3) Read nutritional facts label- To stay under 2300mg or less a day, you must read food labels regularly. Look for the "no salt", "lightly salted", or "sodium free" labels. Foods labelled "sodium- free" usually have less than 5mg per serving.

4) Use different spices for flavouring the food- Add spices to your food instead of salt. Try coriander, nutmeg, black pepper, cumin, cilantro, ginger, lemon juice,cumin powder, oregano, thyme, onion powder, dry mustard, rosemary or dill.

*People may not recognise mild dehydration and attribute its sign and symptoms to other conditions because dehydration can happen due to so many other cause which would make them confused about the final diagnosis. Usually the dehydration occurs when more water is expelled out of the body than the water consumed. It can be caused either by lack of fluid intake or excessive fluid loss. Mild dehydration may not be recognised as has subtle signs and symptoms such as headaches, thirst, oliguria ( less urination), dark yellow concentrated color of urine, fatigue, etc