Question

58.) Which of the following is an EMT most likely to administer to a poisoning patient?

a. Epinephrine

b. Activated charcoal

c. Syrup of ipecac

d. Oral glucose

59.) What is required before the EMT can administer activated charcoal?

a. ALS personnel

b. Medical control order

c. The patient must be restrained

d. One to two glasses of water or milk

60.) Which of the following is the best initial intervention for a patient who has inhaled a poison?

a. Provide plenty of fresh air and monitor pulse oximetry readings.

b. Perform abdominal thrusts to clear the airway, followed by high-concentration oxygen

c. Transport in a position of comfort and provide oxygen for patients with a decreased level of consciousness

d. Provide a patent airway, ventilation if necessary, and high-concentration oxygen.

61.) By which of the following actions does carbon monoxide have its toxic effects?

a. Causes red blood cells to clump together

b. Prevents the blood from clotting

c. Prevents red blood cells from carrying oxygen

d. Prevents red blood cells from releasing carbon dioxide.

63.) OxyContin is an example of which of the following types of drugs?

a. Narcotic

b. Antidepressants

c. Appetite suppressants

d. Barbiturate

Answer 1

58.) Which of the following is an EMT most likely to administer to a poisoning patient?

b. Activated charcoal,is the correct answer because a substance that adsorbs many poisons and prevents them from being absorbed by the body the process of one substance becoming attached to the surface of another (this is how activated charcoal works) absorption.

Activated charcoal inhibits the poison from being absorbed into the body.

When treating a patient for a​ poisoning your treatment will be based on the presenting signs and symptoms

59.) What is required before the EMT can administer activated charcoal?.

b. Medical control order is the correct answer because You should administer activated charcoal only under the advisement of 911 personnel, your physician or the poison control center/medical control order, because activated charcoal can worsen the situation with some poisons such as gasoline and acids. You will be given instructions on how to give the activated charcoal and how much to use based on the victim’s weight.

60.) Which of the following is the best initial intervention for a patient who has inhaled a poison?

d. Provide a patent airway, ventilation if necessary, and high-concentration oxygen is the correct answer

• a ventilator (breathing machine) – may be used if the person stops breathing

61.) By which of the following actions does carbon monoxide have its toxic effects?

c. Prevents red blood cells from carrying oxygen is the correct answer because carbon monoxide (CO) toxicity causes impaired oxygen delivery and utilization at the cellular level. It aggressively competes with oxygen for the limited oxygen-binding receptor sites on hemoglobin in the red blood cell. Because it has a greater affinity to the blood cell than oxygen, a CO molecule will bind to hemoglobin 200 times stronger than that of oxygen. As a person is exposed to more CO, the level of CO attached to the blood — carboxyhemoglobin — increases. This makes the red blood cell incapable of transporting oxygen throughout the body. Once the ability to transport oxygen is lost, the body can not survive without medical intervention.

CO poisoning has adverse effects on all systems of the body. Simply put, the body needs oxygen — and that critical element is being displaced from the hemoglobin by CO. One of the most important systems impacted is the central nervous system. A person exposed to CO may have symptoms such as headaches, confusion and dizziness. As the level of CO increases, the person may have seizures or even go into a coma.

CO poisoning is the most common exposure poisoning in the United States and the rest of the world. It is an odorless, colorless gas that can cause sudden illness and death. As it is found in fumes from combustion, CO is produced from a variety of sources such as vehicles, gasoline engines, camp stoves, lanterns, burning charcoal and wood, gas ranges, heating systems and poorly vented chimneys. Structural fires are another common source of CO exposure for both victims and firefighters.

CO poisoning is commonly seen during cold weather because people spend more time in their homes, a time when they are better insulated, which keeps CO in the home. However, it's important to remember that CO poisoning can be experienced throughout the year.

63.) OxyContin is an example of which of the following types of drugs?

a. Narcotic is the correct answer

Oxycodone belongs to a class of drugs known as opioid (narcotic) analgesics. It works in the brain to change how your body feels and responds to pain.

The higher strengths of this drug (more than 40 milligrams per tablet) should be used only if you have been regularly taking moderate to large amounts of an opioid pain medication. These strengths may cause overdose (even death) if taken by a person who has not been regularly taking opioids.

Do not use the extended-release form of oxycodone to relieve pain that is mild or that will go away in a few days. This medication is not for occasional ("as needed") use.