The older adults are predisposed not only to COPD and/or pneumonia but also to many other diseases and clinical conditions. This is because there is a general decline in the overall health of the individual as they grow old.
There is a reduction in the over all disease fighting capacity due to weakening of the immune system. The repair of damaged tissues also tend to slow down and occur in effectively in older adults. There will be gradual weakening of the nervous system, musculoskeletal system and respiratory system too. Alterations in the structure of functional units of respiration causes impaired gas exchange. The weakening of musculoskeletal system reduces the force with which the diaphragm and respiratory muscles function causing reduced efficiency of respiration. This causes reduction in the effectiveness of cough which is a protective mechanism. In absence of cough the microorganisms, fluids get pooled up in the alveoli leading to pneumonia and other infections.
All these changes increases the risk and predispose the older adults to conditions like COPD and pneumonia.
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