Question

cant figure out number FOUR please thanks for your help

Experiment 5 Preparation of Synthetic Banana Oil Compare the sum of these estimated losses with your actual product loss and try to account for any significant differences. 2/ What gas escaped during the sodium bicarbonate washing? Write bal- anced equations for two reactions that took place during this operation. 3. (a) Calculate the atom economy and reaction efficiency of your synthe- sis of isopentyl acetate. (b) Tell how the procedure for the preparation of isopentyl acetate might be modified to increase the reaction efficiency. (c) Describe some green features of your synthesis, and any that aren't so green. 4. Describe and explain how each of the following experimental errors or variations might affect your results. (a) You failed to dry the reaction flask after washing it with water. (b) You forgot to add the sulfuric acid. (c) You used twice the amount of acetic acid specified in the procedure. (d) You left out the sodium bicarbonate washing step. (e) Your ther- mometer bulb was 1 cm higher than it should have been. 5. (a) In the "Understanding the Experiment" section, it was stated that the reaction of an equimolar mixture of isopentyl alcohol and acetic acid will produce, at most, 67% of the theoretical amount of isopentyl acetate. Verify this with an equilibrium constant calculation, using K = 4.2. (b) Compare this with the corresponding percentage for the conditions used in this experiment (see Exercise 1). Are your results consistent with Le Châtelier's principle? Explain. 6. Based on the procedure that you used in this experiment and using the same molar quantities of reactants, develop a procedure that would be suitable for the preparation of isobutyl propionate. Specify the amounts of all materials required and a distillation range for the product. Obtain the necessary physical properties from one of the reference books listed in the Bibliography. Other Things You Can Do (Starred items require your instructor's permission.)

Answer 1

a) You failed to dry the reaction flask after washing with water

When the reaction flask is not let to dry after washing with water, as the nature of the reaction is reversible, the product yield and the purity will be lesser.

b) You forgot to add the Sulphuric acid

When we forgot to add the Sulphuric acid as a catalyst in the Sysnthesis of banana Oil, the rate of the reaction will naturally slows down, the reaction is elongated to a large extent and the yield will be very low.

c) You use twice the amount of acetic acid specified in the procedure

By adding plenty of acetic acid will boost up the transformation of isopentyl alcohol to product. This result in the enormous amount of unreacted acetic acid present in the crude reaction mixture.To clear away this unreacted acetic acid in crude reaction mixture, further aqueous base washes is needed.

d) You left out the Sodium bicarbonate washing step

While Synthesizing banana oil, the crude product is washed with NaHCO₃ for removing Acetic acid and Sulphuric acid. If the Sodium bicarbonate washing step is left out, the residual acetic acid and sulphuric acid will remain in the product and it will lessen the purity of the product.

e) Your thermometer bulb was 1cm higher than it should have been

When the thermometer bulb is 1cm higher than it should have been, it will alter the distillation of isopentyl acetate. There will be a decrease in the temperature of distilling vapours, as a result of the thermometer bulb is somewhat beyond the vapours. This in turn leads to the abnormal temperature. The tough part is not able to deal with the proper cuts.