Question

10-In distributive shock, total blood volume is (increased, decreased, normal) but venous return (increases, decreases) as blood vessels (constrict, dilate). This type of shock is caused by (increased, decreased) SNS activity or from release of vaso(constrictor, dilator) chemicals 11- Which of the following represent types of distributive shock? (anaphylactic, hypovolemic, obstructive, cardiogenic, neurogenic, septic) 12- brain injury damages sympathetic nerves common distributive shock with 40% mortality MI leading to congestive heart failure cardiac tamponade a) septic b) neurogenic c) cardiogenic d) obstructive e) hypovolemic f) anaphylactic _ hypoglycemia resulting from insulin reaction hyposecretion of ADH

Answer 1

10.

distributive shock is happening as a result of septic shock is also a type of neurogenic shock. it is due to the excessive vasodilation leads to pooling of blood and impaired distribution of blood to vital organs.

other causes include systemic inflammatory response syndrome due to inflammatory conditions, toxic shock syndrome, anaphylaxis reaction to certain substances, transfusion reaction, any brain or spinal cord injury.

in distributive shock blood volume may be decreased or normal, but the venous return is decreased due to the pooling of blood in venous circulation due to dilated veins. neurogenic shock is a type of distributive shock due to the disrupted or decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. other than neurologic activity, distributive shock occurs due to excessive release of vasodilator chemicals in response to inflammation.

11.

types of Distributive shock

• cardiogenic shock- heart ceases to pump blood to different parts of the body, sometimes as a result of heart attack.
• hypovolemic shock- due to severe blood loss, an insufficient amount of blood supply to different parts of the body.
• obstructive shock- it is due to any physical obstruction of heart or blood vessels, adequate blood supply gets interrupted.

12.

• any brain injury or spinal cord injury leads to neurogenic shock because it damages sympathetic nerves.
• 40 % mortality rate in distributive shock is due to septic shock.
• the most common cause of cardiogenic shock is heart attack(MI due to congestive heart failure)
• obstructive shock is due to physical obstruction and cardiac tamponade is a cause of obstruction.
• anaphylactic shock is caused by hypoglycemia due to insulin reaction.
• hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin leads to hypovolemic shock.