Question

ATI LEARNING TEMPLATE LORAZEPAM

Answer 1

An ATI template helps the student ti learn different aspect of a topic by organizing them in a designed manner.

Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine (sedative hypnotic Anxiolytic) class of medication which is known as Ativan as its brand name. It is used to treat anxiety disorders, sleep disorders and seizure disorders. It is used for a short term therapy.

ATI LEARNING TEMPLATE LORAZEPAM

MEDICATION : Lorazepam

CATEGORY CLASS : Benzodiazepine

PURPOSE OF MEDICATION

Expected Pharmacological Action Intensify the effectiveness of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA )on the GABA receptors which leads to decrease neuron activity in CNS thereby CND depression.

Therapeutic Use To decrease anxiety, sedation (irritability and insomnia), active seizure, prevention and treatment of acute manifestations of alcohol withdrawal.

Complications loss of coordination, headache,dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, blurred vision, slurred speech, apnea, cardiac arrest, insomnia, euphoria.

Medication Administration Per oral Adult : For insomnia- 2-4mg every day at bedtime; for anxiety- 1-3mg 2-3 times per day. Geriatric : For insomnia- initially 0.25-1mg then increase as needed; for anxiety - 0.5-2mg/day in divided doses.

Contraindications/Precautions Category D medication in pregnancy Breastfeeding Contraindicated in clients who have sleep apnea, respiratory depression,COPD , pre- existing CNS depression and closed- angle glaucoma, hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines, history of drug abuse, severe hypotension. Precautions to be taken in Children under 12 year old, old age, hepatic or renal impairment.

Interactions Smoking may increase metabolism of lorazepam and decrease effectiveness. Valproate can increase levels with concominant use with lorazepam. Oral contraceptives may decrease levels of lorazepam in blood. Lorazepam decrease the efficiency of Levodopa. Alcoholism, use of other CNS depressants along with lorazepam may increase the effect of CNS depression.

Nursing Interventions Assess for CNS depression Gastric lavage can be used, followed by the administration of activated charcoal for toxic effects when given orally. Administer flumazenil (Romazicon) which is the antidote to reverse adverse effects for intravenous toxic effects. Assess the risk of fall after administration Assess for physical dependency Assess renal function, hepatic function throughout the therapy. Assist with daily activities if drowsiness, dizziness occur. Assess for dependance symptoms

Client Education Advice not to drink alcohol Advice not to stop the drug abruptly which may cause serious withdrawal symptoms Advice not to take more than prescribed dosage which may cause toxic effects. Avoid activities after druh ingestion like driving, use of sharp items which need high alertness Advice to inform any serious adverse effects immediately

Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness Assess for decreased anxiety level, improved sleep pattern, increased sense of well being