Question

Pharmacology Principles

Do you know these terms as they relate to medications?

Absorption (where)
Distribution
Metabolism (drug)
First pass effect
Half life
Selective toxicity
Peak
Trough
Culture and Sensitivity
Side effects
Adverse effects
Complications

Answer 1

Absorption (where)	Means the process of entering the drug from the site of application to the site of action, most of the absorption of the drug takes place in the intestine
Distribution	It is the movement of the drug from one compartment to another compartment in the body as per the principles of the compartment kinetics: for the ex. distribution of the drug from the blood to the different tissues
Metabolism (drug)	It is the enzymatic transformation of the drug in the body: these enzymes are secreted by the liver mainly: phase I reaction, phase II reaction
First pass effect	It refers to the metabolism of the drug when the drug is taken from the oral route
Half-life	It is the time in which the drug remains 50% of its initial concentration in the body: represented as t1/2
Selective toxicity	it refers to the ability of a drug candidate to targets sites, specific microbes responsible for the particular infection.
Peak	Peal plasm concentration is the maximum concentration of the absorbed drug in the body after the administration of any dose, seen in in the plasm drug concentration VS time profile curve
Trough	trough is the lowest level of the drug reached before the next dosing in the plasm drug concentration VS time profile curve
Culture and Sensitivity	Culture is the set of the microbial strains in the lab to carry out the tests, and the sensitivity refers to the which spectrum of antibiotics will treat that particular infection
Side effects	this is secondary, the unwanted effect of the drug, it may be harmful and beneficial too: as the side effect of minoxidil is used in baldness
Adverse effects	this is undesired, the unwanted harmful effect of the drug: as Grey baby syndrome is the adverse effect of chloramphenicol
Complications	This is undesired development by the result of the treatment or surgery: like postoperative complications