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Problem 4-22 Break-Even and Target Profit Analysis; Margin of Safety; CM Ratio [LO5-1, LO5-3, LO5-5, LO5-6, LO5-7] Menlo Comp2. Without resorting to computations, what is the total contribution margin at the break-even point? Total contribution margi4. Refer to part 3 and now assume that the tax rate is 30%. How many units would need to be sold each month to an after-tax t

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Answer #1
Req. 1
Break-even point in unit sales = Fixed expenses / Contribution margin per unit = 75000 / 6 12500 units
Break-even point in dollar sales = Break-even point in unit sales * Selling price per unit = 12500 * 20 250000
Req. 2
Total contribution margin ( at break-even point ) 75000
Explanation : Break-even point is the sales level where there is no profit or loss, thus the contribution margin at break-even point equals to the fixed expenses.
Req 3A
Units sold = ( Target profit + Fixed expenses ) / Contribution margin per unit = ( 35400 + 75000 ) / 6 18400 units
Req 3B
Menlo Company
Contribution Income Statement
Total Per unit
Sales ( 18400 * 20 ) 368000 20
Variable expenses ( 18400 * 14 ) 257600 14
Contribution margin 110400 6
Fixed expenses 75000
Net operating income 35400
Req 4
Before tax target profit = After tax target profit / ( 1 - Tax% ) = 35400 / ( 1 - 30% ) 50571
Units sales required = ( Before tax Target profit + Fixed expenses ) / Contribution margin per unit = ( 50571 + 75000 ) / 6 20929 units
Req 5
Margin of safety in dollars = Sales - Break even point in dollar sales = 302000 - 250000 52000
Margin of safety percentage = ( Sales - Break even point in dollar sales ) / Sales = ( 302000 - 250000 ) / 302000 17.22%
Dollars Percentage
Margin of safety 52000 17.22%
Req 6
CM ratio = Contribution margin per unit / Sales per unit = 6 / 20 30%
Net operating income increase by = ( Increase in sales * CM ratio ) - Increase in fixed cost = ( 71000 * 30% ) - 0 21300
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