Question

Please explain why these labs are elevated and low for the following diagnoses: HTN, CAD, HLD, CKD, bladder cancer, pleural effusion, HF with preserved EF, acute blood loss anemia, hematuria

Abnormally low lab values: eGFR, RBC, Hgb, and Hct.

Abnormally high lab values: WBC, BG, BUN, Cr, and Troponin T.

Answer 1

Egfr is estimated glomerular filteration rate which indicate functioning of the kidney , it is low as there is reduction in blood volume due to blood loss anemia. Therefore there is less blood to be filtered off.

low rbcs as ed blood cells are cells present in blood. As there is blood loss anemia, there will be reduced number of rbcs as well.

low hemoglobin because of reduced red blood ceels as it is found in rbcs

low hematocrit because of loss of reduced rbc in blood. Hematocrit is the ratio of volume of rbcs to total blood volume.
white blood cells are high suggestive of infection that may be present in pleural effusion.

Blood glucose may be high because of deficiency of insulin or insulin resistance

blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine are increased because of improper kidney function in chronic kidney disease as they are unable to eliminate waste material from the body, hence their level in blood increases.

troponin t are cardiac muscle specific protein that are elevated in cardiac muscle specific injury . That injury may have happened because of decreased perfusion as a result of coronary artery disease.