Question

Age	Risk Factors of fluid imbalance	Nursing implications
Infants 0 – 12 months	Weakness, cardiac failure, unconsciousness, renal problems	supplying balanced electrolyte IV solutions. To be careful, changing nappy and doctor's guidanc
School age children	Weakness, choking, cardiac failure, respiratory problems etc	Supplying balanced IV solution, boiled water, doctor's consultation.
Adolescents	Weakness, respiratory problems etc.	Saline, iv solution, boiled water
Adults	cardiac failure, respiratory problems, abdominal problems, hypertension, etc	Saline, iv solution, boiled water
Older adults	renal failure, cardiac failure, choking	saline, electro iv solutions, nasogastric method.

25. Of the five age considerations in the above table, which two are most at risk for fluid imbalance and what would be your nursing considerations for these patients?

26. Which patients would be candidates for fluid restriction therapy and what other diet restrictions would be implemented to control fluid intake?

27. Which patients would be candidates for therapy to promote excretion? What type of therapy would be used and what medications can be administered to promote urinary excretion?

28. How is protein intake involved in fluid balance?

29. How would you monitor a patient on fluid balance therapy (whether fluid restriction or to promote excretion)? Give five assessment parameters e.g. assessing for dyspnea etc.

Answer 1

Answer 25 - infants and older adults are more prone for fluid and electrolyte imbalance, in a infants body surface area are large, diarrhea and infection are more, chanses of fluid loss.

Nursing consideration-

Assess the patient vital sign, intake output status regularly.

Provide pedailate medicine to infants which have more electrolytes, and regular breast feeding for hydration.

Give Ors solutions regularly in regular intervals.

Provides older adults to potassium rich food banana, curds, rice etc.

Give antidiarrheal medicines as prescribed by the doctors.

Regularly follow up with doctors.