Question

University of Maryland University College

BEHS 343

Quiz 1

Directions: This quiz has 10 multiple choice questions each worth 1 point each. The test is worth 10 points total. This is an open book quiz. Please use the answer sheet and post the answered test in the Assignment Folder marked Quiz 1.

All the best!

1.

Ten-year-old Jessica has been working on a jigsaw puzzle for hours trying to complete the outside frame. All of her efforts seem to be failing when Mother comes into the room to see how things are coming along. Mother notices Jessica’s frustration. How might mother help Jessica using Vygotsky’s concept of guided participation?

1. I can see that this puzzle is hard and it is getting very late. Let’s put this one away for now and you can finish it tomorrow.
2. Jessica, you have almost the entire frame complete. I knew you could do this. Let’s see if we can find the rest of the frame that matches this corner of the picture. What colors do you think match this area?
3. I think this might be a little too advanced for you. Let’s find an easier puzzle for you to work on. This puzzle might be better for you when you are a little older.
4. Jessica, I know you can do this. You just need to try a little harder and things will fall into place. I’ll stay with you and watch while you figure it out.

2. According to Erikson, during the school-age years, as children attempt to master the skills valued in their particular cultures, they experience a psychosocial crisis of:

1. Trust versus distrust.
2. Autonomy versus shame and doubt.
3. Initiative versus guilt.
4. Industry versus inferiority.

3. Vygotsky’s theory includes a process where the parent can help their child learn tasks beyond their present capability by “erecting a structure” that supports them while they try new tasks.

1. scaffolding
2. equilibrium
3. assimilation
4. accommodation

4. Authoritarian parents use a style of:

1. control without nurturance or support.
2. Balance of nurturance, discipline and respect.
3. Non-controlling and non-demanding approach.
4. High responsiveness and low demanding approach.

5. According Bowlby and Ainsworth’s studies of infant attachment, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

1. The sensitive responsiveness of the caregiver in stressful situations provides reassurance, comfort, and protection for the infant.
2. The sensitive responsiveness of the caregiver provides for the child an internalized working model of parental availability.
3. The use of harsh discipline.
4. Infants whose caregivers are emotionally and physically available to them develop secure attachment.

6. To understand a child’s frightened cries at the sight of a barking dog, a learning theorist:

1. Would want to know what frightening stimulus had been paired with a barking dog in the child’s past experience.
2. Would try to find out what unconscious motives the child has to get attention this way.
3. Would assume the dog represented a person the child feared.
4. Would tell the child that it was ridiculous to fear a barking dog.

7. A child grows up as part of a system comprising of many levels of involvement. They say it takes a village to raise a child. According to Bronfenbrenner, which system would include the child’s peer group?

     A) mesosystem

     B) chonosystem

     C) exosystem

     D) microsystem

8. All of the following statement about temperament are true EX CEPT:

1. It is biologically based.
2. It always creates a “goodness of fit” with parents.
3. It refers to the child’s reactivity and regulations of reactions.
4. It can put a child at risk for certain problems.

9. According to the emotional-based theories, some of the causes of child insecurity and fear can result from which of the following parental behaviors:

      A) frequent parental aggression

      B) a and c

      C) remote and dismissive contacts

      D) involved in their lives in a playful and positive way

      E) warm and accepting

10. Which of the following best describes Galinsky’s parenting stages that focuses on identifying who the child is becoming and reflecting and evaluating on how best to guide them.

A) authority

B) image-making

C) departure

D) interpretive

Answer 1

1.B- vygotskys theory states that cognitive development done only with social interaction. The correct answer is option B.

2. C. Initiative vs guilt

3.C. Scaffolding

4.A. Control without nurture or support.

5.D is the correct andwer

6.A

7. D. Microsystem

8. B - It always creates a "goodness of fit" with parents.

9.A and C

10.C departure