Question

Lunch - Dinner- Snacks - 5. Explain the various effects of lean body mass, growth periods, body temperature, and hormonal status on basal 4. Ust the 3 components/demands for the body's total eneres requirement (enersy outourt, FIVE STAR STAR

Answer 1

4. Answer

Healthy or balanced diet fullfill body's energy requirements, also some conditions require extra energy like pregnancy, growth, lactation, by taking all nutrients in a balanced way according to body's demand helps in production of energy that makes individual capable of performing functions effectively.

Three component of body's total energy requirements are:-

1. Metabolic rate while rest (resting metabolic rate)

It is also called basal metabolic rate, it is the amount of energy used by the body in resting phase , that means total amount of calories burnt during rest. Every individual has different basal metabolic rate.

2. Thermic effect of food

It is the increase in metabolic rate of body in order to metabolised food, digestion of food, consumption, and also in storage of food, protein rich diet takes more energy to digest and metabolise while carbohydrates and sugar takes less energy to digest and metabolise.

3. Thermic effect of physical or mental activity.

It is the amount of calorie uses in your physical activity, it is also based upon how physically active an individual is, the more an individual is physically active the more calorie is required to perform physical activities.

A. Answer.

Lean body mass is the weight of individual excluding fat from total body weight.

Hence the weight of body without fat is called lean body mass .

It's  effect on growth are.

Growth hormones play an important role in building connective tissues near muscles, which appears large at muscle site , the ultimate goal of an individual who workout daily is to increase growth hormone and reduce fat from the body , lean body mass people do not maintain proper growth of connective tissue near muscles which may alter growth ,thus growth hormone enhances overall building of body.

Its effect on body temperature.

Fats of body play an important role in maintaining temperature and it also provides balanced temperature to the organs of body, people with very low fat feels more cold than normal individual, individual with less body mass may develop thyroid gland dysfunction and it may also imbalances internal thermostat.

Effects on hormone

Various hormones are affected by lean body mass, people with lean body mass are having higher metabolism as compared to people with fat.

Estrogens deficiency in women and testoterone reduction in males can occur , due to lean body mass hormonal changes occurs , menopausal women are at the higher risk for developing fracture due to oestrogen deficiency, if body fat keep on reducing ,chances are there that it can disturb neurons that transmit signal and neurological disturbance may occur such as fatigue, loss of consciousness etc,

Leptin is a hormone which in used in maintaining body's mass without increasing fat , it reduces appetite and helps in reducing body's fat, but loss of lean body mass with age may develope various hormonal changes.