Question

time vessel walls thicken and become less elastic because of the calcification and bui 128. Over time, walls connective tissue in which condition? a. Atherosclerosis b. Phlebitis c. Arteriosclerosis d. All of the above calcification and buildup of Which of the following disorders is associated with aging? 129. a. Constipation b. Diarrhea c. Hematuria d. Asthma Which of the following diseases is not associated with aging? a. Hypertension b. Diabetes type 2 c. Arteriosclerosis d. Diabetes type 1 130. 131. The cells in the are produced more slowly with age, making the skin prone to tear and blister. a. epidermis b. dermis c. subcutaneous layer d. All of the above which of the following is a clouding of the lens of the eye? a. Cataract b. Glaucoma 一132, Macular degeneration d. c. None of the above which of the following is caused by increasing pressure inside the eye? a. Cataract b. Glaucoma c. Macular degeneration d. None of the above _ i 33, Which of the following is the age-related loss of close vision? a. Presbycusis b. Cataracts c. Presbyopia d. Glaucoma 134. 135. Surgical instruments generally are classified according to use. Which is not a classification for instruments? a. Cutting b. Grasping

Answer 1

128. Answer (a)

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

atherosclerosis is the thickening, hardening, loss of elasticity of the arterial wall because of the calcification and built up of connective tissues, gradually it hinders blood flow to the other organs that lead to atherosclerosis which is considered as one of the special types of arteriosclerosis, and the causes are smoking, fatty acid,cholesterol and other substances in the wall of the artery.

phlebitis is the inflammation of the vein, it mainly occurs in the leg but sometimes in the hand with pain and irritation and it blocks blood flow through the vein, not through the artery.

129. answer

(c) hematuria

from the age of 25 years to 85 years the number of nephrons declined by 30 to 40 %, remaining 1/3 glomeruli become atherosclerotic, non-functional and atrophy of nephron is seen.

it is also due to the vascular changes in the nephrons that lead to hematuria.

diarrhoea and constipation are not the diseases is the symptom.

asthma can occur at any age and it depends upon the aggravating factors and the individual response to it.

130 Answer

(d) diabetes type 1

it is also called juvenile diabetes that occurs in childhood and also blood glucose remain high throughout the life unless the person takes preventive measures to control, as it occurs during childhood and body doesn't produce enough insulin o overcome with the elevated blood glucose level.

remaining hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2 and atherosclerosis is the disease of ageing where the organ does not perform their functions effectively due to ageing.

131. answer

(c) subcutaneous

the epidermis is the superficial outer layer of the skin which also act as the barrier to various microbes, dirt and allergens.

with ageing, there is a loss of elastin and collagen present in the skin which makes skin more sagging and wrinkled, also there is depletion of subcutaneous fat due to ageing which makes the skin loose and wrinkled, the epidermis gets flattened and the upper skin becomes more transparent.

the subcutaneous fat cell depletes gradually and the fat between the epidermis and the dermis may involve in blister formation due to ageing.

132. answer

(cataract)

a cataract causes clouding to the natural lens of eyes that is situated behind the iris and the pupil, it is the most common eye problem seen in people with age above 40 years, it causes yellowing and the hardening to the lens of the eyes over a period of time.

133. Answer

(GLAUCOMA)

GLAUCOMA is the complication of intraocular hypertension in which the pressure inside the eyes increases which makes an increase in the fluid inside the eye, increased pressure in the eye leads to damage to the nerves of the eyes which causes vision loss.

and macular degeneration is a slowly progressive problem of the eye in which vision loss occurs after age 60, it occurs at the small portion of the retina called macula that's why it is called macular degeneration.

134. answer

(presbyopia)

it occurs due to the natural process of ageing, it causes hardening of the eye lens and the image that has to be focused in front of the retina, it makes it focuses behind the retina, it is the type of refractive error in which nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism occur.

135 answer.

(it only has two options )

and the given option is the type of surgical instruments, that is cutting and grasping.