7. Patients with lung cancer that was detected on low dose CT were compared with patients...
7. Patients with lung cancer that was detected on low dose CT were compared with patients who were diagnosed based on CXR. The outcome of interested is time to death from lung cancer. Data are collected longitudinally over a 5 year period. What is the study design? 8. For the above study, identify 3 potential biases that limits the accuracy of the data.
Homework Answers
Study is an observational longitudinal prospective cohort study
Biases
1) People assigned to a particular group may have other preexisting illness which may lead to early death giving wrong results.
2) Age factor- elderly are more prone for faster progression of disease as compared to young.
3) Differences in the Treatment can also add to wrong interpretation of results.
Add Answer to:
7. Patients with lung cancer that was detected on low dose CT
were compared with patients...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain. The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 comparing the smoking habits of lung cancer patients with the smoking habits of other patients. The...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 over a 4-year period (April 1948-February 1952). Initially, 20 hospitals, and later more, were asked to...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 comparing the smoking habits of lung cancer patients with the smoking habits of other patients. The...
Over 1,700 patients with lung cancer, all under age 75, were eligible for the case-control study....
Over 1,700 patients with lung cancer, all under age 75, were eligible for the case-control study. About 15% of these persons were not interviewed because of death, discharge, severity of illness, or inability to speak English. An additional group of patients were interviewed but later excluded when initial lung cancer diagnosis proved mistaken. The final study group included 1,465 cases (1,357 males and 108 females). The following table shows the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer among male cases...
Problem: Proportion of "Cured” Cancer Patients: How Does Canada Compare with Europe? Lung cancer remains the...
Problem: Proportion of "Cured” Cancer Patients: How Does Canada Compare with Europe? Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death for both Canadian men and women, responsible for the most potential years of life lost to cancer. Lung cancer alone accounts for 28% of all cancer deaths in Canada (32%. in Quebec). Most forms of lung cancer start insidiously and produce no apparent symptoms until they are too far advanced. Consequently, the chances of being cured of lung cancer...
Over 1,700 patients with lung cancer, all under age 75, were eligible for the case-control study. About 15% of these per...
Over 1,700 patients with lung cancer, all under age 75, were eligible for the case-control study. About 15% of these persons were not interviewed because of death, discharge, severity of illness, or inability to speak English. An additional group of patients were interviewed but later excluded when initial lung cancer diagnosis proved mistaken. The final study group included 1,465 cases (1,357 males and 108 females). The following table shows the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer among male cases...
Question 3 In a hospital, patients admitted with lung cancer in the previous month were queried about their residency (urban, rural) and gender. During the same period, th e researchers also stu...
Question 3 In a hospital, patients admitted with lung cancer in the previous month were queried about their residency (urban, rural) and gender. During the same period, th e researchers also studied the residency and gender of a non-cancer control patient admitted in the same hospital. The observed frequencies are tabulated below Lung cancer (Y) Residency (Z) Gender (X) Cases Controls Male Female Male Female 505 100 32 Rural 10 16 4 Urban a. [2 marks] Identify the response and...
A Swedish study considered the effect of low-dose aspirin on reducing the risk of stroke and...
A Swedish study considered the effect of low-dose aspirin on reducing the risk of stroke and heart attacks among people who have already suffered a stroke (Lancet 338: 1345-1349 (1991). Of 1360 patients, 676 were randomly assigned to the aspirin treatment (one low-dose tablet a day) and 684 to a placebo treatment. During a follow-up period averaging about three years, the number of deaths due to myocardial infarction were 18 for the aspirin group and 28 for the placebo group....
Researchers were interested in assessing the relationship between obesity and breast cancer recurrence and fatality in...
Researchers were interested in assessing the relationship between obesity and breast cancer recurrence and fatality in postmenopausal African-American and Caucasian women with primary breast cancer. Data was collected on women with primary breast cancer and included the following variables: Age Age at diagnosis of breast cancer Weight Height Data of diagnosis of breast cancer Menopausal status Diagnosis and coding of tumor (histopathology and topography) Stage of tumor Size of tumor Number of positive lymph nodes Estrogen receptor analysis Progesterone receptor...
A prospective study of Norwegian women who were followed between 1986 and 2009 was conducted. Within...
A prospective study of Norwegian women who were followed between 1986 and 2009 was conducted. Within that period (1995-2005), a national mammography program was gradually implement ed, with biennial invitations send to women age 50-69. The participants of the study were all women aged 50-79 between 1986-2009. The mortality rate ratios compared women who were invited to screen to those who were not invited, with a clear distinction between cases of breast cancer diagnosed before and after the invitation to...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 over a 4-year period (April 1948-February 1952). Initially, 20 hospitals, and later more, were asked to...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 comparing the smoking habits of lung cancer patients with the smoking habits of other patients. The...
Problem: Proportion of "Cured” Cancer Patients: How Does Canada Compare with Europe? Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death for both Canadian men and women, responsible for the most potential years of life lost to cancer. Lung cancer alone accounts for 28% of all cancer deaths in Canada (32%. in Quebec). Most forms of lung cancer start insidiously and produce no apparent symptoms until they are too far advanced. Consequently, the chances of being cured of lung cancer...
Question 3 In a hospital, patients admitted with lung cancer in the previous month were queried about their residency (urban, rural) and gender. During the same period, th e researchers also studied the residency and gender of a non-cancer control patient admitted in the same hospital. The observed frequencies are tabulated below Lung cancer (Y) Residency (Z) Gender (X) Cases Controls Male Female Male Female 505 100 32 Rural 10 16 4 Urban a. [2 marks] Identify the response and...
A Swedish study considered the effect of low-dose aspirin on reducing the risk of stroke and heart attacks among people who have already suffered a stroke (Lancet 338: 1345-1349 (1991). Of 1360 patients, 676 were randomly assigned to the aspirin treatment (one low-dose tablet a day) and 684 to a placebo treatment. During a follow-up period averaging about three years, the number of deaths due to myocardial infarction were 18 for the aspirin group and 28 for the placebo group....
A prospective study of Norwegian women who were followed between 1986 and 2009 was conducted. Within that period (1995-2005), a national mammography program was gradually implement ed, with biennial invitations send to women age 50-69. The participants of the study were all women aged 50-79 between 1986-2009. The mortality rate ratios compared women who were invited to screen to those who were not invited, with a clear distinction between cases of breast cancer diagnosed before and after the invitation to...
Most questions answered within 3 hours.
-
Where is the error in this code sequence?
String s1 = "Hello";
String s2 = "ello";...
asked 11 months ago -
Financial data for Joel de Paris, Inc., for last year
follow:
Joel de Paris, Inc.
Balance...
asked 11 months ago -
Consider this reaction:
Al2(SO4)3 (aq)+ BaCl3
(aq) Al2Cl6 (aq)- +
3BaSO4(s) . What is the...
asked 11 months ago -
Suppose that Savneet is considering increasing her
recent random sample from 20 car rentals to 40...
asked 11 months ago -
Trucks arrive at an unloading terminal at an average rate of 120
per hour.
Trucks arrive...
asked 11 months ago -
Why are methanol and ethanol completely soluble in water while
octanol is not very little soluble....
asked 11 months ago -
A facilities manager at a university reads in a research report
that the mean amount of...
asked 11 months ago -
When the CuSO4 is rehydrated by adding water to the anhydrous
compound, is this an endothermic...
asked 11 months ago -
A ray of sunlight is passing from diamond into crown glass; the
angle of incidence is...
asked 11 months ago -
A block of mass 0.249 kg is placed on top of a light, vertical
spring of...
asked 11 months ago -
how do the kidneys compensate in the presences of acidosis
a) trigger hyperventilate
b) reserve acid...
asked 11 months ago -
Question 501 pts
The rental rate of capital to the firm increases. Which of the
following...
asked 11 months ago