Question

After an exposure incident involving potentially infected bodily fluids, you must: Immediately cleanse punctures or cuts (and surrounding areas) with soap and water, and/or flush eyes, nose or mouth with copious amounts of tap water Report the incident to exposed individual's instructor or supervisor Ensure that the exposed individual receives medical attention promptly The treating healthcare professional must be provided with the information on the "Exposure Incident Reporting Form All of the above

Answer 1

Ans) All of the qbobr

An exposure incident is a specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the performance of an employee's duties.

1. Provide immediate care to the exposure site.

• Wash wounds and skin with soap and water.
• Flush mucous membranes with water.
• DO NOT USE instrument involved on patient!
• Employee must report incident immediately to supervisor/employer

2. Determine risk associated with exposure by ...

• Type of fluid (e.g., blood, visibly bloody fluid, or other potentially infectious fluid or tissue).
• Type of exposure (e.g., percutaneous injury, mucous membranes or non-intact skin exposure, or bites resulting in blood exposure).

3. Evaluate exposure source.

• Assess the risk of infection using available information.
• Source individuals (patients) must be asked if they know their HBV, HCV, HIV status. If not known, ask if they will consent to testing.

4. The exposed employee is referred as soon as possible *to a health-care provider who will follow the current recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for testing, medical examination, prophylaxis, and counseling procedures.

• Note “ASAP*” because certain interventions that may be indicated must be initiated promptly to be effective.
• The exposed employee may refuse any medical evaluation, testing, or follow-up recommendation. This refusal is documented.

5. The employer must send all of the following with the exposed employee to the health-care provider:

• A copy of the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard.
• A description of the exposed employee’s duties as they relate to the exposure incident. (Accidental Bodily Fluid Exposure Form)
• Documentation of the route(s) of exposure and circumstances under which exposure occurred. (Accidental Bodily Fluid Exposure Form)
• All medical records relevant to the appropriate treatment of the employee including HBV vaccination status records and source individual’s HBV/HCV/HIV status, if known.

6. The health-care provider (HCP) will:

• Evaluate the exposure incident.
• Arrange for testing of employee and source individual (if status is not already known).
• Notify the employee of results of all testing.
• Provide counseling and post-exposure prophylaxis.
• Evaluate reported illnesses.
• Send written opinion to employer limited to the following:

1. Documentation that employee was informed of evaluation results and the need for further follow-up.
2. Whether Hepatitis B vaccine is indicated and if vaccine was received.

Having a written exposure incident plan and reviewing it annually can help to expedite medical treatment for the exposed person. Remember time is of the essence because certain post-exposure medications are more effective if administered within hours of the incident rather than days. Be sure to locate a health-care provider near your office before you or anyone in your practice has an exposure incident.