Question

L.L. is a female nursing student at a local community college. She has just been admitted to the nursing program and is learning about the necessary forms and immunizations she must receive before attending her clinical learning experiences at the local hospital. She has most of her injections, but today she learned she must get a flu shot as well. L.L. asks the nursing instructor why she needs to have a flu shot when she is only 20 years old and "the flu shot is for older adults." How will the nursing instructor respond to L.L.? 1. 2. What side effects may LL. expect from the flu vaccine? 3. L.L. is allergic to eggs. Will this pose a problem for her in regards to getting a flu shot? Why or why not? S.R., age 47 years, is a kidney transplant recipient who is currently hospitalized for symptoms indicating rejection of her transplanted kidney. S.R. is very anxious and has many questions about the treatment regimen that will be implemented. The initial treatment of rejection will begin with the drug sirolimus 1. S.R. asks the nurse what side effects she may experience. How will the nurse respond? 2. What will the nurse teach S.R. about food intake during therapy with sirolimus? 3. What possible effects may occur if an immunocompromised patient uses echinacea to prevent colds?

Answer 1

(1). 1. She can explain the nursing student that, flu shot is available for all ages nowadays. It is not only for older adults. It can be given for all except children below 6 months of age. The vaccine type varies according to the age. Now you as a student entering into the clinical area for your practice you have to come across many patients. So there is a chance to get potential infections from the patients. To avoid those potential infections all health care workers must be vaccinated by this flu shot.

2. Common side effects can expect are fever, headache, nausea, dizziness, pain and swelling in injection site and allergic reactions.

3. Flu shot cause problem to the individual with egg allergies. This is due to the vaccine contain a egg protein called ovalbumin. That's why it cause problem to the individual. But nowadays according to the type of egg allergy it is recommended to give flu shot. If the student she may experience hives that is mild allergic reaction to egg can get the vaccine. Second type of allergy is causing moderate reactions such as breathing difficulty must get vaccine under supervision and monitoring after vaccination in the hospital setting. Third type is more severe that is it cause life threatening complications can avoid these vaccines now. For egg allergic individuals only the licensed flu vaccine should be given. They are inactivated flu vaccine, live attenuated influenza vaccine and recombinant hemagglutinin influenza vaccine. In this the last type is more safe because it not contains egg protein. Hence the nursing student problem is based on her egg allergy types.

(2). 1. Side effects : High fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, kidney function is low hence the waste accumulates so high creatinine, urea will be in the blood. High blood pressure will present. Decreased urine output and pain over the transparent site.

2. Sirolimus is the immunosuppressant given in organ transplant clients. The patient must avoid grape fruit, juice and its derivatives. Because the drug gets activated in the intestine and comes to blood circulation and suppress the body's immune system. But this grapes slows the activation process and lowers the drug effect. Other than that the client can take any food according to their preference and tolerance.

3. Echinacea is the medicinal herb used to treat cold infections. Along with that it is the immune booster. If it taken the drug effect is totally reversed then the organ rejection is unavoidable.