Question

There are many types of intravenous (IV) solutions a nurse might use to treat electrolyte balances and administer drugs to a patient. Choose an IV solution and describe its uses as well as its chemical composition. What electrolytes are present and in what concentrations? Assuming you have the necessary chemicals, explain using words and mathematically how you would make the solution in the laboratory.

• Merck Veterinary Manual -- This is a helpful website featuring information on the concept of equivalence.

Answer 1

IV SOLUTION------NORMAL SALINE

USES OF NORMAL SALINE (NS)

• increases intravenous fluid by supplying extra water to rehydrate a person who is unable to take orally.
• replaces extracellular fluid losses,supporting blood pressure and peripheral perfusion.
• it is the only iv fluid that can be administered with blood products.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• 0.9% saline
• 154 mMol/L of Na+ and Cl-

ELECTROLYTES AND ITS CONCENTRATIONS

• Na+(Sodium)
• Cl-(Chloride)

One litre of 0.9% Saline contains:

• 154 mEq of sodium ion=154 mmol
• 154 mEq of chloride ion=154mmol

LABORATORY PREPARATION OF 1 LITRE SOLUTION:

0.9 g=100mL

1 Litre=1000milli litre

Therefore,1L *1000mL / 1L*0.9 g /100mL=9grams Nacl

0.9 % means 0.9 grams of Nacl are dissolved in every 100 mL of solution.So take 9 grams of Nacl(sodium chloride).Water is a solvent and Nacl is the solute.Water is the solvent in an aqueous solution.Add 100 mL of water so that the Nacl dissolves.