Question

Create a list of at least 5 common symptoms or clinical findings that indicate impaired central and/or tissue perfusion. Explain why each symptom occurs.

Answer 1

Ans) Central perfusion:

Generated by cardiac output (amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute)

-Propels blood to various organs and tissues from patent arteries through capillaries and returns blood to the heart through patent veins

-Clinical manifestations systemic (entire body is affected) when central perfusion impaired.

Tissue perfusion:

- Volume of blood that flows through targeted tissues

-Blood flows from arteries to capillaries, which are surrounded by smooth muscles. The force of ventricular contractions creates capillary hydrostatic pressure, which pushes blood through capillaries into the interstitial spaces to effectively deliver fluid, oxygen, and nutrients to various cells in the body.

- Central perfusion symptoms:

• Cardiac Dysrhythmias
• Shock
• Heart failure
• Pulmonary hypertension

• Cardiac Dysrhythmias (e.g., atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation)

• Valvular Heart Disease (e.g., aortic stenosis)

- Local or tissue perfusion symptoms:

• Atherosclerosis
• Hyperlipidemia
• Hypertension
• Peripheral artery disease
• Pulmonary embolism
• Stroke
• Venous thrombosis