Question

Please explain the Generalized Model for creating a health promotion program. Be sure to include a brief description of each of the 5 steps and the importance of pre-planning. What is determined during that phase?

Answer 1

Ans) 1. Assessing needs

The process of collecting and analyzing data

2. Setting goals and objectives
Identifying what will be accomplished
3. Developing interventions
How the goals will be achieved
4. Implementing interventions
process of putting interventions into action
5. Evaluating results
Formative evaluation - quality of program
Summative evaluations - effectiveness of program

*one major benefit=Models provide planners with direction and framework from which to build interventions to improve health.

Fluidity - steps are sequential.
Flexibility - adapt to needs of stakeholders.
Functionality - outcome of planning is improved health conditions, not production of the plan.

MAPP, MAP-IT, PRECEDE/PROCEED, and SMART are program planning models. For each, be able to:
(1) identify what each acronym stands for,
(2) give a general description of the model/when it would be used, and
(3) list/describe the phases.
MAPP- 1) Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships
2) -for city or country health departments
-improving health and quality of life through mobilized partnerships and taking strategic action
3) Phase 1- Organizing for succes and partnership developments: core planners assess whether the MAPP process is timely, appropriate, or even possible
Phase2- Visioning: guides community through process that results in a shared vision and common values
Phase 3-Four MAPP Assessments: defining characteristics of MAPP model=community themes and strengths assessment, local public health assessment, community health status assessment, the forces of change assessment
Phase 4-Identify Strategic Issues: a prioritized list of most important issues facing health of the community is developed
Phase 5-Formulate Goals and Strategies: creates goals related to the vision and priority strategic issues
Phase 6-Action Cycle: implementation details are considered, evaluation plans are developed, and plans for disseminating results are made

MAP-IT- 1) Mobilize, Assess, Plan, Implement, and Track
2)This was introduced in 2010 as a way to assist communities in implementing their own adaptations of Healthy People 2020
3) Phase 1-Mobilize: Starts by mobilizing key individuals and organizations into a coalition that can work together to improve the health of the community; similar to pre-planning
Phase 2-Assess: Equivalent to a needs assessment
Phase 3-Plan: Develops goals and objectives, measures, baselines, and targets
Phase 4-Implement: Organizes the coalition so it can put the plan into action
Phase 5-Track: Equivalent of evaluation

PRECEDE/PROCEED-1)
(Predisposing,
Reinforcing, and
Enabling
Constructs in
Educational/ecological
Diagnosis and
Evaluation) (Policy,
Regulatory, and
Organizational
Constructs in
Educational &
Environmental
Development)
2)First four phases are assessment phases; social, epidemiological, behavioral & environmental; educational & ecological; administrative & policy; and intervention alignment. Last 4 phases are implementation, process, impact, and outcome evaluation.
3) Phase 1-Social Assessment and Situational Analysis: seeks to subjectively define the quality of life (problems & priorities) of those in the priority population
Phase 2-Epidemiological Assessment: the step in which planners use data to identify & rank the health goals or problems that may contribute to or interact with problems identified in Phase 1
Phase 3- Educational & Ecological Assessment: identifies & classifies factors that have potential to influence behavior or change the environment
Phase 4- Intervention Alignment & Administration & Policy Assessment: The intent of intervention alignment is to match appropriate strategies & interventions with projected changes and outcomes identified in earlier phases.
In administration & policy assessment, planners determine if capabilities & resources are available to develop & implement a program.
*in between where precede ends and proceed begins
Phase 5- Implementation: With appropriate resources in hand, planners select the interventions and strategies and implementation begins.
Phases 6, 7, and 8- Evaluation: Process evaluation - measurements of implementation to control, assure, or improve the quality of the program,
Impact evaluation - immediate observable effects of program,
Outcome evaluation - long-term effects of the program

SMART-1) Social Marketing Assessment and Response Tool
2) a social marketing planning framework for health promotion
3)Phase 1- Preliminary Planning: includes the elements of pre-planning
Phase2- Consumer Analysis: formative research (process that identifies differences among subgroups within a population, identifies a subgroup, influence wants and needs, and identify facts that influence its behavior
Phase 3-Market Analysis: examines the fit between the focus of interest and important maker variables within the priority population
Phase 4-Channel Analysis: considers which potential partners might collaborate in sharing responsibility for communication
Phase 5- Develop Interventions, Materials, and Pretesting: analyze and categorize data appropriately
Phase 6-Implementation: clarify's everyones roles
Phase 7-Evaluation: preliminary evaluation strategies that were identified in phase 1 take place.