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Calculate the theoretical desalination energy of a solution of 0.5 mol/L of NaCl at25oC. Hint: The osmotic pressure of each solute can be calculated using a simplifiedversion of the Van’t Hoff equation: ᴨ = nRT where n is molarity of the solute, R = 0.082
Membrane Separation II Reverse Osmosis (a) Derive van't Hoff's equation (osmotic pressure π-CRT). (b) A feed solution containing 5g NaCl/L (ρ-1001kg/m3) is purified using a reverse osmosis system. Water permeability constant (Aw) and a solute (NaCI) permeability constant (As) are 5 x 10 kg/m2s atm, and 4 x 10-7m/s, respectively. AP 30 atm. Assume that the fraction recovered of the solvent water is 0.15. The flow rate q2 of the permeate water solution is 50 L/min. Calculate ci and c2...
deal gases obey the equation PV nRT, where P is the pressure of the gas, V is its volume, n is the number of moles of gas, T is its temperature, and the constant R-8.314 KPa-liters-mol-1 kelvin-1 (a) Find the exac t change in volume of O, gas as the pressure increases from 12.00 to 12.01 KPa, the temperature decreases from 300.0 to 299.9 degrees kelvin, and the number of moles of 0, gas changes from 1.03 to 1.01 moles....
The van der Waals equation gives a relationship between the pressure p (atm), volume V(L), and temperature T(K) for a real gas: .2 where n is the number of moles, R 0.08206(L atm)(mol K) is the gas con- stant, and a (L- atm/mol-) and b (L/mol) are material constants. Determine the volume of 1.5 mol of nitrogen (a .39 L2 atm/mol2. b = 0.03913 L/mol) at temperature of 350 K and pressure of 70 atm.
The van der Waals equation...