Question

Part 5: 6. For the following research questions, create one null hypothesis, one non- directional and one directional research hypothesis. a. Are cat owners more kind than dog owners? b. Are Mac users more creative than PC users? 7. Describe the relationship between a normal distribution (curve) and standard deviation. 8. For the following research questions, identify the independent variable and dependent variable. Include an idea about how would you might measure the dependent variable AND describe what kind of variable it will be (i.e. ordinal, nominal, interval, ratio). a. Are cat owners more kind than dog owners? a. Are Mac users more creative than PC users? 9. This question has two parts: (1) Describe what is meant by 'statistical significance ? (2) Describe type 1 and type 2 errors.

Answer 1

a. The null hypothesis is: Ho: Cat owners and dog owners are equally kind The non-directional research hypothesis is: H: Cat owners and dog owners are not equally kind The directional research hypothesis is: H: Cat owners are more kind than dog owners b. The null hypothesis is: H: Mac users and PC users are equally creative The non-directional research hypothesis is: H: Mac users and PC users are not equally creative The directional research hypothesis is: H: Mac users are more creative than PC users 7. A normal distribution curve contains 68.3% of data within 1 standard deviation of the mean, 95.4% data within 2 standard deviations of the mean, and 99.7% of data within 3 standard deviations of the mean.

a. The independent variable is type of owner with two levels as cat and dog The dependent variable is kindness. The variable kindness could be measured on a rating scale as 1 to 10 and it will be an ordinal variable. b. The independent variable is type of user with two levels as Mac and PC The dependent variable is creativity. The variable creativity could be measured on a rating scale as 1 to 10 and it will be an ordinal variable. 9. (1) Statistical significance means that two populations are different from each other in a way that can be said it is enough to call them significantly different. For example, if we take samples of men and women height, the average height of men and women are significantly different if the difference between the averages is far enough based on the hypothesis testing procedure that is used to declare statistical significance. (2) The type 1 error is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is correct and the type 2 error is the probability of not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false. If you have more questions you can send and we will try our best to help you out. Good luck with your studies!!!