Question

Identify the integrating centers that coordinate neural, neuroendocrine, and renal responses to dehydration as shown in f 20.18. What effector responds in each case?

Chapter 20 integrative Physiology Il: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance DEHYDRATION Blood valume/ Bloodp Osmolarity-- cy RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEV RENAL MECHANISMS MECHANISMS Hypothalamic MECHANISMS Atrial volume receptors; carotid and aortic baroreceptors Carotid and aortic baroreceptors Flow at macula densa GFR cells CVCC Volume Renin Angiotensinogen ANG Vasopressin release from posterior pituitary Parasympathetic Sympathetic output output ACE Heart Arterioles ANGII Thirst t osmolanty inhibitsi Vasoconstriction cortex 20 4Rate Force Aldosterone tPeripheral resistance Distal nephron Distal Na reabsorption 4H2O intake + Cardiad output + Blood pressure t H20 reabsorption 4 Volume Osmolarity FIGURE 20-18 Homeostatic compensation for severe dehydration

Answer 1

The integrating center in neural responses is the hypothalamus .The effector cells are mostly the neurons in thr supra optic nucleus of hypothalamus which secrete vasopressin.

The integrating center in neuroendocrine responses is the adrenal cortex.It secretes aldosterone which increases sodium reabsorption from the kidney.

The integrating center in the renal responses is thr kidney.The effector cells are the juxtaglomerular cells whic secrete renin.