Question

QUESTION 4 C++ supports the properties of encapsulation and data hiding through the creation of user-defined types, called classes. Write a portion of a code declares and implements a class of your choice and the implementation of two of its possible methods to demonstrate the concepts of encapsulation and data hiding. [10 marks]

kindly write it in c++. help me understand what encapsulation and data hiding as you write the code.

Answer 1

C** main.cpp C** car.cpp C** main.cpp > main(int, char const * (I) i #include <iostream> #include "car.cpp" using namespace std; // driver code int main(int angc, char const *argv[]) car myCar("honda", "civic"); // cannot access car manufature variable // this is known as data hiding // car manufacturer myCar.getCarData(); // this will print error mycar.setManufacturer("chevrolet"); // this will work myCar.setManufacturer("bmw"); myCar.getCarData(); return ;

Understand this file first.

We have a car under a variable myCar;

At constructor we provide it values of manufacturer and model;

however, we cant access this data directly (as shown in line 13). [ this is known as data hiding ]

to get data we have to call getCarData() function. which prints data to console. [ this is encapsulation ]

C** car.cpp > car > model 1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <string> using namespace std; class car private: string manufacturer; string model; public: car(string manufacturer, string model); car(); void getcarData() cout << "made by:" + manufacturer << endl << "model: " + model << endl << endl; void setManufacturer(string new Manufacturer); 26 car::car(string manufacturer, string model) car:: manufacturer = manufacturer; car::model = model; 31 32 car::-car) 34 35 36 void car::setManufacturer(string newManufacturer) if (newManufacturer = "honda" || newManufacturer = "bmw" || newManufacturer = "audi"), manufacturer = newManufacturer; else cout << "Unknown manufacturer: " + newManufacturer << endl; 45 }

This is how we have achieved those two concepts.

If we want to hide data from other code (i.e not our class), we keep it under private keyword, if we want variables and methods to be visible to others we put it under public keyword.

All the variable under a class are grouped together like a capsule, hence the name encapsulation.

Also we can make some data invisible to user by putting them under private keyword. This is data encapsulation.

Hope this helps you to understand :)