Question

connective tissue & the cartilage, 3. What bones make up the pectoral girdle? 4. Name three similarities between the upper limb and the lower limb. nimi 5. Name three differences between the upper limb and the lower limb. nimi 6. When compared with the fingers, which bone is missing in the thumb? 7. Why do you think cartilage and not bone connects the two os coxae in the front? 8. What is the common name of the hallux? 9. Name the three bones that make up the ankle. 10. What is the common name of the olecranon process LAB 6 The Skeletal Syst

Answer 1

3. Clavicle and scapula, are the two bones which attaches each upper limb to axial skeleton, makes up the pectoral girdle. The clavicle, otherwise known as 'collar bone' is S-shaped, located on the anterior side of the shoulder. The scapula, otherwise known as 'shoulder blade' is a flat triangular shaped bone, located in the upper back.

4. Similarities between upper limb and lower limb:

• In both the upper limb and lower limb, free limbs are connected to their respective girdles (pectoral girdle of upper limb and pelvic girdle of lower limb) by the ball and socket joints.
• Each of these limbs has a single bone in the upper extremity of linen which is femur and humerus.
• Middle and upper segments of both of these limbs articulate at hinge joint.

5. Differences between upper limb and lower limb:

• Upper limb is less firmly attached to trunk and is more mobile whereas lower limb is more firmly attached to trunk and is less mobile.
• Carrying angle (small degree formed between the axis of forearm and humerus) is present in upper limb whereas it is absent in lower limb.
• The function of upper limb is to grasp the movement wherever the function of lower limb is to bear the weight and locomotion.

6. When compared with fingers, the bone called 'middle phalanx' is missing in the thumb. The thumb is similar to other fingers except in this case.

7. The OS coxae is nothing but 'hip bone' and it is formed by three parts- pubis, ischium and ilium. These parts join each other in a Y-shaoed portion of cartilage. So, two OS coxae or hip bones are connected by the cartilage.

8. The common name of 'hallux' is 'big toe' or 'great toe'. It is the first and innermost toe.

9. The three bones that make up the ankle are:

• The shin bone (tibia)
• The thinner bone which runs next to shin bone (fibula)
• A foot bone which sits above heel bone (talus)

10. The common name of the 'olecranon process' is 'elbow', which is at the near end of 'ulna'.

Thank you!