Question

Demonstrate through code and explanation each of the following object oriented concepts: Inheritance Encapsulation Polymorphism Discuss the advantages of applying object orienting coding principles.

Answer 1

Answer:

Inheritence: Inheritence, encapsulation and polymorphism are three pillars of object oriented programming.

Inheritence: Inheritence is a feature of the OOPS language in which Sub class inherit the properties of the Super class.

By using extends keyword we can implement is-a relationship. The main advantage of is a relationship is reusabillity of te code.

Whatever the parrent class has by default available to the child hence child class refrences can cal both parrent and child class method.

What ever the child has bydefault not available to the parrent hence on the parrent class reference we can call only parrents calss method and we cant call chld specific methods.

There are different type of inheritence which are follows:

i) single inheritence

ii) multilevel inheritence

iii) Multiple Inheritence

iv) Hybrid Inheritence

Polymorphism:

we can use same name to represent multiple forms in polymorphism. The example of polymorphism is overloading and overriding.

In real life example, I am giving real life example which is slightly funny, A boy uses the word FRIENDSHIP to starts LOVE, but girl uses the same word to ends same word but different attitudes.

This behaviour is nothing but polymorphim.

Encapsulation:

In object oriented programming languages, encapsulation is used to refer to one of two related but distinct notions, and sometimes to the combination thereof: A language mechanism for restricting direct access to some of the object's components.

A class is said to be tightly encapsulated iff every data member declared as the private.

whether those methods declared as public or not required to check.