Question

List the hybridization ot the atom in the solecule designated with a star- CH CH CH CH 2. Draw the most valid Lewis strueture for each molecule S04 CO, 3. Calculate the formal charge of the atom in the molecule designated with a star( 4. Write the electron configuration for the following: s2-: Ca2": o: Name Page 1 1

Answer 1

Hybridization of an atom in a molecule = (The number of sigma bonds the atom forms + lone pairs) H_2 C* = CH_2 rightarrow Here, the C* forms 3 sigma bonds i.e. 2 sigma bonds with H and 1 with C (no lone pairs) thus, 3 means sp^2 hybridization. CH_3CH_2C*H_2CH_3 rightarrow 4 sigma bonds and no lone pairs, 4 means sp^3. HCl* CH rightarrow 2 sigma bonds, 2 means sp. O = C = 0 rightarrow 1 sigma bond and 2 lone pairs, 3 means sp^2. N*H_3 rightarrow 3 sigma bonds and 1 lone pair, 4 means sp^3. 2. Lewis structures are as: \r\n 3. Formal charge = Valence electrons - Non-bonding electrons - Bonding electrons/2 4. S^-2 rightarrow 1 s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 (18 electrons where 2 electrons come from the negative charge on S^-2). Ca^+ 2 rightarrow 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 (18 electrons where 2 electrons are removed because of + 2 charge). O rightarrow 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4 (8 electrons).