Question

The verse of a common resource is the restered to as the tragety of the commons, and consion has been deres medemem of the problem. Trafic congestion comes the vesofa con because puble rose Vand One common on the room or gethered by

Answer 1

1) Non excludable.

( Its an important characteristic of a public road. Infact, it's one of the two characterics of a pure public good. Nobody can be excluded from the use of a public road. Anyone with a vehicle can use it. )

2) Rival in consumption.

( Eventhough public roads possess the characteristics of non-excludability it doesn't possess the characteristic of non rivalry. Public road are rival in consumption because use of public roads by some people prevents the use of it by others. Public road can't support the use of many vehicles. There is a limit. More vehicles will only add to the traffic congestion. After a certain extent, even taking the vehicle on the road would become impossible as others are already on the road. )

3) Requiring the drivers to pay a toll to use the public road.

( lf roads were privately owned, owners would charge tolls . People would take tolls into consideration while making a decision on whether to use road or not as only those who pay toll would be able to use the road. Others won't be permitted to use the road . As a result, problem of traffic congestion would be solved.)