Question

Question 9. A rectangular river channel 5.0m wide carries water at a depth of 1.2m. The slope of the channel is 1 in 400. The channel has a bed covered with stones. Using the n value of 0.03(s/m 1/3) calculate the discharge in the channel using Manning's equation. (10 marks) Question 10. With reference to a cross section of a particular site, discuss the fundamental principles of groundwater movement and show the influence of topography and geology. (25 marks)

Question 10 please my teachers please

Answer 1

que particulars g ground wares and head to area Question to rerence to a cross-section site, dilcum fundamental principles movement and show the encluence of topography geology. solution. The occurance and movement of gro- undwater are related to physical forces acting in the subsurface aud due geological environment (in which they occur.. movement of ground water Ground water moves thro- ugh the sub-surface from areas draulic head, The raid rate depends upon supe og hy dikaulic head and sutrint fluid properties, Porosity and specific yield porosity, porosity in is defined V no Vq Vo volume of void space (13) Vq7 Total volume (43) In unconsolidated materials, porosity is principally media, grain size, and lower hy draudied greater hydraulic s bydlaukio gueound water movement -sic sie aquifer and as the ratio ratio of of media void space to to to lotal volume three properties governed grain size distribution grainpacking

be observed in two dimens yjecte of packing may be nal. darlija Law and Hydraulic Conductivity Darcy's law. Heury Darcy, a french hydraulic engineer, chserved that there rate points tional to hydraulic gradient (dn/de) b/w two points laminar о flow is propor- in porous medium is b/w luo of fluid b/w -Kadh de where Q = volumetric flow rate k= hydrauli's Conde ctivity A cross-sectional area of flow. and isotropic Kn Homogeneity Kzz Kaz Kna Kz Kzi Kaa Kala Homogenous Isotropic Homogenous Ania tropic kz=Kzz Km K2V Kaxt kz Kma

Question q A rectangular 1.29 ular river channel wide a 5.0m depth slope linuro Stope = 0.03(mle 0.0025 n 1.2M discharge (B) = ? Solution 5.0m 1.49 (R) 3 (s)/2 n 1049 (RJ's (so'z n Wetted area welted parameter 6m -0.81 youm. Ra va 1.49 (081) 3 (0.0025) 0.01 V = 6.94 mias. Das charge of = VA = 6.94m x (A = 6m2) * = 41.66 m3